Combinatorial approaches to effective therapy in glioblastoma (GBM): Current status and what the future holds

Asija, Sweety; Chatterjee, Abhishek; Yadav, Sandhya; Chekuri, Godhanjali; Karulkar, Atharva; Jaiswal, Ankesh Kumar; Goda, Jayant Sastri; Purwar, Rahul

doi:10.1080/08830185.2022.2101647

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 219 publications

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“…OVs are useful in treating GB because of their ability to replicate virally quickly in rapidly proliferating cells, their absence of distant metastases, and their alignment with the brain environment [ 67 , 68 ]. The anticancer immune response begins by converting “cold tumors” that are immunosuppressed by the microenvironment into “hot tumors” that are sensitive to the immune system [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 ]. Inducing an immunological response to inadvertently kill cancer cells through several mechanisms, including apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, is known as immunogenic cell death (ICD) [ 73 , 74 , 75 ].…”

Section: Novel Oncolytic Viral Therapy For Treatment Of Glioblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Therapies in Glioblastoma Treatment: Review of Glioblastoma; Current Treatment Options; and Novel Oncolytic Viral Therapies

Shah

2023

Medical Sciences

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One of the most prevalent primary malignant brain tumors is glioblastoma (GB). About 6 incidents per 100,000 people are reported annually. Most frequently, these tumors are linked to a poor prognosis and poor quality of life. There has been little advancement in the treatment of GB. In recent years, some innovative medicines have been tested for the treatment of newly diagnosed cases of GB and recurrent cases of GB. Surgery, radiotherapy, and alkylating chemotherapy are all common treatments for GB. A few of the potential alternatives include immunotherapy, tumor-treating fields (TTFs), and medications that target specific cellular receptors. To provide new multimodal therapies that focus on the molecular pathways implicated in tumor initiation and progression in GB, novel medications, delivery technologies, and immunotherapy approaches are being researched. Of these, oncolytic viruses (OVs) are among the most recent. Coupling OVs with certain modern treatment approaches may have significant benefits for GB patients. Here, we discuss several OVs and how they work in conjunction with other therapies, as well as virotherapy for GB. The study was based on the PRISMA guidelines. Systematic retrieval of information was performed on PubMed. A total of 307 articles were found in a search on oncolytic viral therapies for glioblastoma. Out of these 83 articles were meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials, reviews, and systematic reviews. A total of 42 articles were from the years 2018 to 2023. Appropriate studies were isolated, and important information from each of them was understood and entered into a database from which the information was used in this article. One of the most prevalent malignant brain tumors is still GB. Significant promise and opportunity exist for oncolytic viruses in the treatment of GB and in boosting immune response. Making the most of OVs in the treatment of GB requires careful consideration and evaluation of a number of its application factors.

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Section: Novel Oncolytic Viral Therapy For Treatment Of Glioblastomamentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Therapies in Glioblastoma Treatment: Review of Glioblastoma; Current Treatment Options; and Novel Oncolytic Viral Therapies

Shah

2023

Medical Sciences

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“…Table 4 summarizes the completed oncolytic virus trials in patients with gliomas ( 143 ). Oncolytic viruses have recently emerged as a means to stimulate the innate and adaptive immune responses against both viral and tumor antigens and to reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment ( 144 , 145 ), allowing for a more robust cytotoxic T cell-mediated antitumor response ( 146 , 147 ). Such combination approaches have recently been explored in a phase 2 study of the oncolytic adenovirus immunotherapy DNX-2401 followed by the PD-1 inhibitor, pembrolizumab (CAPTIVE/KEYNOTE-192) and a similar approach has been explored in a recent study with PVSRIPO and pembrolizumab, (Luminos-101, NCT04479241).…”

Section: Oncolytic Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunotherapy associated central nervous system complications in primary brain tumors

Mantica

Drappatz²

2023

Front. Oncol.

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Advances clarifying the genetics and function of the immune system within the central nervous system (CNS) and brain tumor microenvironment have led to increasing momentum and number of clinical trials using immunotherapy for primary brain tumors. While neurological complications of immunotherapy in extra-cranial malignancies is well described, the CNS toxicities of immunotherapy in patients with primary brain tumors with their own unique physiology and challenges are burgeoning. This review highlights the emerging and unique CNS complications associated with immunotherapy including checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic viruses, adoptive cell transfer/chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell and vaccines for primary brain tumors, as well as reviews modalities that have been currently employed or are undergoing investigation for treatment of such toxicities.

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“…GBM is characterized by selective permeability of blood -brain barrier (BBB), impairment of the functioning of the metabolic signaling transduction pathways, resistance to the therapy, immunosuppressive microenvironment, hypoxia, vasculogenesis, and neoangiogenesis. The highly organized interaction of these factors translates into high protumoral competence of GBM microenvironment [6].…”

Section: Modern Concepts On Association Between Cns and Immune Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dendritic Cells in Glioblastoma Treatment: A Modern View of the Problem and Own Experience

Glavatskyi,

Khranovska,

Skachkova

et al. 2023

Exp. oncol.

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Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary malignant brain tumor in adults. The improvement of the efficacy of GBM treatment is an urgent problem encouraging the development of novel therapeutic strategies, in particular, immunotherapeutic modalities. With more understanding of the intimate interrelationships between the immune system and the mechanisms involved in cancer origin and progression, the skepticism related to the relevance of the immunotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of brain tumors is gradually decreasing. The review discloses the modern concepts on the association between CNS and the immune system. For a long time, CNS was considered as the immunoprivileged site that prevents the effects of immunotherapy in the treatment of brain tumors. Nowadays, these views are reconsidered, which opens the way to the use of immunotherapeutic approaches in GBM treatment. The results of the recent clinical trials on immunotherapy as a supplement to the conventional GBM treatment are considered. Vaccines based on the dendritic cell (DC) technology are regarded as the most promising for this purpose. The preliminary results of the Ukrainian clinical study are also presented and discussed. The results of the international clinical trials as well as our own experience give evidence of the relevance for using DC vaccines in the complex treatment of GBM, which is supported by the increased survival of patients and the safety of vaccine application. It is of high importance that GBM patients with the most unfavorable prognosis can benefit from DC vaccines as a component of the complex treatment. The prospects for immunotherapy in neurooncology are discussed.

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Combinatorial approaches to effective therapy in glioblastoma (GBM): Current status and what the future holds

Cited by 17 publications

References 219 publications

Novel Therapies in Glioblastoma Treatment: Review of Glioblastoma; Current Treatment Options; and Novel Oncolytic Viral Therapies

Novel Therapies in Glioblastoma Treatment: Review of Glioblastoma; Current Treatment Options; and Novel Oncolytic Viral Therapies

Immunotherapy associated central nervous system complications in primary brain tumors

Dendritic Cells in Glioblastoma Treatment: A Modern View of the Problem and Own Experience

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