Combinations of Extracts of Propolis and Other Compounds Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a microorganism of great health risk because of its high resistance to antibiotics. Methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) are most at risk, especially in hospital patients and children. In recent years, it has been shown that a combination therapy of two or more drugs is more efective than monotherapy traditional. Furthermore, it has also been seen that many natural substances and plant extracts can inhibit the MRSA growth and other microorganisms. However, litle has been studied about the combinations of diferent extracts or extracts combination with other commonly used drugs. The purpose of this work was to evaluate of extracts of propolis with garlic, oregano and ciproloxacin to inhibit growth of MRSA strains, using isobolographic method. The results showed that combinations of garlic with propolis inhibit the growth of MRSA, but only in small concentrations. High concentrations of these two extracts appear to have an antagonistic efect. Combinations of propolis and oregano show a synergistic efect at any concentration. Finally, the combination of propolis with ciproloxacin has an antagonistic efect. The action of ciproloxacin is decreased when was combined with propolis.Health professionals should know this to warn patients when they use a natural resource, especially if a drug is being administered.

Egyptian fennel honey and/or propolis against MRSA harboring both mecA & icaAgenes

“…72 Honey also has synergistic antimicrobial action with natural materials as chitosan 73 and ginger powder extract. 74 Otherwise, EEP showed synergistic antimicrobial effect with antibiotics {oxacillin, 27 clarithromycin, 75 cefazolin, 76 ciprofloxacin 50 cefixime 77 and many different antibiotics 27,53,66,69 } or essential oils of ginger, 78 garlic, 79 cinnamon, 80 clove, 78 or chitosan. 81 The study concluded that Egyptian fennel honey and EEP have potent antimicrobial activity against biofilm producing MRSA, while both apiproducts revealed more potency and synergy will be achieved against these foodborne pathogens.…”

A Review on the Antimicrobial Activity of Propolis and its Synergy with Other Antimicrobial Compounds

“…Two approaches were proposed in this study, one being the utilization of natural product and the other being the use of combination therapy [4]. It is well documented that natural product possesses a wide range of bioactive compounds which decreases the development of resistance in microbes [61]. However, combination therapy is more widely applied due to the reduced dosage intake and toxicity.…”

“…For instance, the essential oil of citrus lemon and Cinnamomum zeylanicum when combined with amikacin against multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter spp reduced the MIC of amikacin from 625μg/mL to 312.5μg/mL and 39.0625μg/mL respectively [60]. Furthermore, in table 2 garlic and oregano were shown to potentiate the efficacy of propolis against MRSA at low concentration [61]. Many researchers have attributed the successful combination of these products to the presence of various diversified bioactive compounds, which interact with each other in a way that limits the development of resistance in the microbes [61].…”

“…Furthermore, in table 2 garlic and oregano were shown to potentiate the efficacy of propolis against MRSA at low concentration [61]. Many researchers have attributed the successful combination of these products to the presence of various diversified bioactive compounds, which interact with each other in a way that limits the development of resistance in the microbes [61].…”

Optical, Mechanical, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Properties of Starch/Polyvinyl Alcohol Biodegradable Film Incorporated with Baccharis dracunculifolia Lyophilized Extract

“…In this way, 180 min was fixed as the time of extraction in the methodology of LP-Bd preparation, considering that, on an industrial scale, strict control of the chemical composition of different B. dracunculifolia samples (sampling collected) would not be possible. The time of extraction of 180 min may be considered relatively low, because of the variability found in the literature [25,27,[44][45][46][47], in which the extraction processes of bioactive compounds range from 3 h to 15 days.…”