Combination of solar photo-Fenton and adsorption process for removal of the anticancer drug Flutamide and its transformation products from hospital wastewater

Removal of captopril pharmaceutical from synthetic pharmaceutical-industry wastewaters: Use of activated carbon derived from Butia catarinensis

“…The treatment of waters and wastewaters containing pharmaceuticals is usually carried out using solar photo-Fenton [8,9], photolysis and photocatalysis [10][11][12], photo-Fenton electrochemical degradation [13], electrochemical oxidation [14], activated sludges [15,16], filtration [17,18], and adsorption [19][20][21][22][23][24]. However, these methodologies have shortcomings, such as high costs and high generation of sludges [25] and the formation of by-products [8,9].…”

“…The treatment of waters and wastewaters containing pharmaceuticals is usually carried out using solar photo-Fenton [8,9], photolysis and photocatalysis [10][11][12], photo-Fenton electrochemical degradation [13], electrochemical oxidation [14], activated sludges [15,16], filtration [17,18], and adsorption [19][20][21][22][23][24]. However, these methodologies have shortcomings, such as high costs and high generation of sludges [25] and the formation of by-products [8,9]. This situation calls for further development of wastewater treatment methods and, in particular, adsorption presents some advantages for the treatment of effluents contaminated with pharmaceuticals, such as initial low cost for its implementation and easy operation.…”

Essential role of sunlight irradiation in aqueous micropollutant transformations: influence of the water matrix and changes in toxicities

“…The photo-Fenton process at near-natural pH can occur based on the solar-mediated reduction of ferric aqua-complex species such as photoactive [R-COO − -Fe 3+ ] 2+ . 92,93 The related reactions are listed in Table 3. For example, Fe 3+ can bind strongly with tetracycline (TC) to form Fe-TC complexes, which facilitates the photodegradation of TC.…”

Electrochemical Technologies to Decrease the Chemical Risk of Hospital Wastewater and Urine

“…Several studies have shown that the combination of the Solar photo-Fenton process with tertiary processes (such as adsorption) can improve the removal of persistent pharmaceutical compounds [65][66][67]. In this context, Della-Flora et al [50] investigated the degradation of Flutamide (500 µg L −1 ) and its transformation products (TPs) from HWW by Solar photo-Fenton combined with adsorption with activated carbon. Solar photo-Fenton was applied using three Fe 2+ additions approach (5 mg L −1 of Fe 2+ each, with an initial H 2 O 2 concentration of 150 mg L −1 ) achieving 58% degradation in 120 min.…”