Combination of serological total antibody and RT-PCR test for detection of SARS-COV-2 infections

Wang, Pei

doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2020.113919

Cited by 68 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…According to some reports, RT-PCR reported only 57% positives among specimens from fever clinics who had symptoms of the virus. A number of patients showed progressive multiple ground glass opacitites in the lungs but negative PCR results (Wang, 2020). Different manufacturers of the PCR kits for COVID-19 diagnosis are: Altona Diagnostics, BGI, CerTest Biotec, KH Medical, Primer Design, R-Biopharm AG, Seegene etc.…”

Section: Diagnosis and Management Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specificity of these kits is more than 85%, while the total sensitivity ranges from 32% for the detection of a specific antibody to 84% (Li et al, 2020a). A combination of both methods, RT-PCR and antibody tests increases the sensitivity of detecting infection to 98.6% (Wang, 2020). Combination of both methods is beneficial for screening and confirming COVID-19, in late stages of the disease as well, because the viral load fluctuates at different phases (Wang, 2020).…”

Section: Diagnosis and Management Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unforeseen challenges to global health system, in particular context to COVID-19 pandemic and health care personnel

Arshid

Mumtaz

Nazir

2020

Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease which has spread throughout the world in a matter of approximately three months only. The disease is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and is the causative agent of a very fatal disease that has had global implications, in healthcare, medical resources and the financial economies. The SARS-CoV-2 has been suggested to have a zoonotic origin, based on the reports of the virus originating from the animal market in Wuhan, China. The disease is spread amongst humans via direct contact and respiratory droplets. The virus mainly infects the respiratory system and also involves other major organ systems. As this is a novel coronavirus, there has not been many studies regarding the virus's infectivity and treatment. However, since its emergence, efforts have been made to differentiate it from other diseases having a similar presentation, for treatment and for production of a vaccine. In this manuscript, we aim to highlight the important traits of the novel coronavirus, the disease COVID-19 and its presentation. The particular focus is based on the effects of COVID-19 on human health and its available therapeutic measure. At the time of this pandemic, the global health systems were not adequately sufficed to appropriately deal with it. Most importantly, and unfortunately, the health care personnel and their health is being largely overlooked during the COVID-19 pandemic. The manuscript is, therefore, an effort to draw the world's attention towards the role of health care workers, the problems they are facing as the frontline soldiers in this unforeseen battlefield and their sustenance during this COVID-19 pandemic situation. The doctors, nurses and other paramedical staff is dealing the COVID-19 suspects and patients on daily basis with merely available precautionary measures across the globe, consequently putting their lives and wellbeing on risks for the sake of humanity. And, with the support of scientific literature and other reliable resources, we aimed with this viewpoint manuscript to highlight the COVID-19 related challenges to global health system, in particular context to health care personnel.

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Section: Diagnosis and Management Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosis and Management Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Unforeseen challenges to global health system, in particular context to COVID-19 pandemic and health care personnel

Arshid

Mumtaz

Nazir

2020

Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

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“…Despite the limitations of rRT-PCR for COVID-19 case confirmation. It is driving the current prevention and control in both developed and developing countries of the world because the protocols offer higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy than antibody and antigen based-serological tests [36]. They can be performed using a broader spectrum of samples, which include respiratory samples (e.g.…”

Section: Advantages Of Rrt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Use of Real Time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) For Covid-19 Diagnosis

Olalekan

Iwalokun

Adekunle

et al. 2020

PAJOLS

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Background: Adequate knowledge of real time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Re-action (rRT-PCR) is critical for accurate implementation of the assay, interpretation of results and report-ing. This mini-review describes the principles, procedures, and level of development of rRT-PCR assays for the control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A narrative review was carried out to describe the principles of rRT-PCR, provide an update on the landscape of rRT-PCR protocols and elucidate the process control involved in pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical stages of COVID-19 testing . Review Findings: The rRT-PCR is currently considered to be the acceptable standard for confirming COVID-19 diagnosis based on SARS-CoV-2 RNA detection via conversion to cDNA and amplification of target genes in real time using sequence specific TaqMan® probes. Available evidence indicates that different rRT-PCR protocols varying in number and type of target genes within SARS-CoV-2 genome are currently available for validation and emergency use approval (EUA) in pandemic countries. A total of 1 – 3 target genes, comprising the ORF1a, ORF1b, RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), Nucleoplasid protein gene (N), Spike glycoprotein gene (S) and Envelope protein gene (E) are detected by these proto-cols. Conclusion: rRT-PCR remains the most sensitive method for confirming, monitoring and managing COVID-19 disease in the ongoing pandemic in all affected countries. The need for validation of every rRT-PCR protocol prior to deployment for COVID-19 testing and research into the development of alternative testing protocols are strongly recommended

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“…Such misclassified samples would artificially lower index test specificity in particular when the index test is more sensitive than the reference test. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] For the same reason the reported sensitivity of nucleic acid or antigen index tests, based on a nucleic acid reference test, was considered to be a positive agreement instead, calculated as part of a headto-head comparison between the two tests. For antibody index tests on the other hand, a nucleic acid test was considered to be a valid reference test to determine actual positive samples and sensitivity, in accordance with WHO interim guidelines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meta-analysis of the clinical performance of commercial SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, antigen and antibody tests up to 22 August 2020

Walle

Leitmeyer

Broberg

2020

Preprint

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We reviewed the clinical performance of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, viral antigen and antibody tests based on 94739 test results from 157 published studies and 20205 new test results from 12 EU/EEA Member States. Pooling the results and considering only results with 95% confidence interval width ≤5%, we found 4 nucleic acid tests, among which 1 point of care test, and 3 antibody tests with a clinical sensitivity ≤95% for at least one target population (hospitalised, mild or asymptomatic, or unknown). Analogously, 9 nucleic acid tests and 25 antibody tests, among which 12 point of care tests, had a clinical specificity of ≤98%. Three antibody tests achieved both thresholds. Evidence for nucleic acid and antigen point of care tests remains scarce at present, and sensitivity varied substantially. Study heterogeneity was low for 8/14 (57.1%) sensitivity and 68/84 (81.0%) specificity results with confidence interval width ≤5%, and lower for nucleic acid tests than antibody tests. Manufacturer reported clinical performance was significantly higher than independently assessed in 11/32 (34.4%) and 4/34 (11.8%) cases for sensitivity and specificity respectively, indicating a need for improvement in this area. Continuous monitoring of clinical performance within more clearly defined target populations is needed.

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Combination of serological total antibody and RT-PCR test for detection of SARS-COV-2 infections

Cited by 68 publications

References 16 publications

Unforeseen challenges to global health system, in particular context to COVID-19 pandemic and health care personnel

Unforeseen challenges to global health system, in particular context to COVID-19 pandemic and health care personnel

Understanding the Use of Real Time Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) For Covid-19 Diagnosis

Meta-analysis of the clinical performance of commercial SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, antigen and antibody tests up to 22 August 2020

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