Combination of PET and CXCR4-Targeted Peptide Molecule Agents for Noninvasive Tumor Monitoring

Lin, Yizi; Lin, Ying Wu; Lin, Xiao; Sun, Xiaotian; Luo, Kun

doi:10.7150/jca.31087

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Unfortunately, however, their overall pharmacokinetics are generally vitiated by extensive activity accumulation in the excretion organs. A large proportion of the pronounced hepatic uptake of radiolabeled (mono/bi)cyclams in mice, however, has been shown to be blockable by co-injection of the corresponding unlabeled competitor [ 69 , 71 , 72 ], a finding that is in line with the documented expression of mCXCR4 in mouse liver [ 69 , 97 , 98 ] and thus indicative of a significant contribution of CXCR4-specific tracer accumulation. This effect has also been investigated in more detail during the evaluation of the cross-bridged bi-cyclam [ 64 Cu]CB-bi-cyclam (entry 1, Table 1 , and Figure 3 ).…”

Section: Cxcr4-targeted Imaging Agents: An Ever-evolving Fieldmentioning

confidence: 67%

In Vivo Targeting of CXCR4—New Horizons

Schottelius

Herrmann

Lapa

2021

Cancers

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Given its pre-eminent role in the context of tumor cell growth as well as metastasis, the C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) has attracted a lot of interest in the field of nuclear oncology, and clinical evidence on the high potential of CXCR4-targeted theranostics is constantly accumulating. Additionally, since CXCR4 also represents a key player in the orchestration of inflammatory responses to inflammatory stimuli, based on its expression on a variety of pro- and anti-inflammatory immune cells (e.g., macrophages and T-cells), CXCR4-targeted inflammation imaging has recently gained considerable attention. Therefore, after briefly summarizing the current clinical status quo of CXCR4-targeted theranostics in cancer, this review primarily focuses on imaging of a broad spectrum of inflammatory diseases via the quantification of tissue infiltration with CXCR4-expressing immune cells. An up-to-date overview of the ongoing preclinical and clinical efforts to visualize inflammation and its resolution over time is provided, and the predictive value of the CXCR4-associated imaging signal for disease outcome is discussed. Since the sensitivity and specificity of CXCR4-targeted immune cell imaging greatly relies on the availability of suitable, tailored imaging probes, recent developments in the field of CXCR4-targeted imaging agents for various applications are also addressed.

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Section: Cxcr4-targeted Imaging Agents: An Ever-evolving Fieldmentioning

confidence: 67%

In Vivo Targeting of CXCR4—New Horizons

Schottelius

Herrmann

Lapa

2021

Cancers

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“…CXCR4 is a chemokine receptor that plays a crucial role in the trafficking and homeostasis of immune cells such as T lymphocytes [ 31 ]. Furthermore, CXCR4 also promotes the homing and retention of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in stem cell niches of the bone marrow [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Critical Genes and Signaling Pathways in Human Monocytes Following High-Intensity Exercise

Luo

2021

Healthcare

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Background: Monocytes are critical components, not only for innate immunity, but also for the activation of the adaptive immune system. Many studies in animals and humans have demonstrated that monocytes may be closely associated with chronic inflammatory diseases and be proved to be pivotal in the association between high-intensity exercise and anti-inflammation response. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms driving this are barely understood. The present study aimed to screen for potential hub genes and candidate signaling pathways associated with the effects of high-intensity exercise on human monocytes through bioinformatics analysis. Materials and Methods: The GSE51835 gene expression dataset was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The dataset consists of 12 monocyte samples from two groups of pre-exercise and post-exercise individuals. Identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with R software, and functional annotation and pathway analyses were then performed with related web databases. Subsequently, a protein–protein interaction (PPI) network which discovers key functional protein and a transcription factors-DEGs network which predicts upstream regulators were constructed. Results: A total of 146 differentially expressed genes were identified, including 95 upregulated and 51 downregulated genes. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that in the biological process functional group, these DEGs were mainly involved in cellular response to hydrogen peroxide, response to unfolded protein, negative regulation of cell proliferation, cellular response to laminar fluid shear stress, and positive regulation of protein metabolic process. The top five enrichment pathways in a Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were the FoxO signaling pathway, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, influenza A, the ErbB signaling pathway, and the MAPK signaling pathway. TNF, DUSP1, ATF3, CXCR4, NR4A1, BHLHE40, CDKN1B, SOCS3, TNFAIP3, and MCL1 were the top 10 potential hub genes. The most important modules obtained in the PPI network were performed KEGG pathway analysis, which showed that these genes were mainly involved in the MAPK signaling pathway, the IL-17 signaling pathway, the TNF signaling pathway, osteoclast differentiation, and apoptosis. A transcription factor (TF) target network illustrated that FOXJ2 was a critical regulatory factor. Conclusions: This study identified the essential genes and pathways associated with exercise and monocytes. Among these, four essential genes (TNF, DUSP1, CXCR4, and NR4A1) and the FoxO signaling pathway play vital roles in the immune function of monocytes. High-intensity exercise may improve the resistance of chronic inflammatory diseases by regulating the expression of these genes.

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“…KLF4 is implicated in the control of endothelial inflammation by dampening the activation of the NF-B cascade (Fang and Davies, 2012). CXCR4 is required for a variety of biological activities, consisting of immune cell trafficking and bone-marrow homeostasis (Lin et al, 2019). IRF7 functions as the pivotal modulator of type 1 IFN-triggered immune responses, which are required for viral immunity (Honda et al, 2005).…”

Section: Effect Of Hypoxia Stress On the Immune Defense Of H Molitrixmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypoxia Stress Induces Tissue Damage, Immune Defense, and Oxygen Transport Change in Gill of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix): Evaluation on Hypoxia by Using Transcriptomics

Chen

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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The silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) is an economically, as well as environmentally, important fish that harbors low environmental hypoxia tolerance and frequently contributes to a loss of aquaculture productivity. The gill is the first tissue attacked by hypoxia; however, the response of the gills of H. molitrix to hypoxia stress at the tissue, cellular, and molecular levels has not been clearly established. The influence of hypoxia on histological features along with gene expression in silver carp gills were explored in this research. The hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections and electron microscopy examinations of gills indicated that the gill lamellae were seriously twisted, gill filaments were dehisced, and the swelling and shedding of epithelial cell layer in the gill tissue were intensified along with the degree of hypoxia. In the hypoxia, semi-asphyxia, and asphyxia groups, the gill transcriptomic assessment of shifts in key genes, as well as modulatory networks in response to hypoxic conditions revealed 587, 725, and 748 differentially expressed genes, respectively. These genes are abundant in immune response signaling cascades (e.g., complement and coagulation cascades, Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor signaling cascade, and differentiation of Th1 along with Th2 cells) and oxygen transport [e.g., MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signaling cascades]. Genes linked to immune response (e.g., c2, c3, c6, klf4, cxcr4, cd45, and cd40) and oxygen transport (e.g., egln1, egln3, epo, ldh, and vegfa) were additionally identified. According to our findings, the silver carp may be using “HIF-1” to obtain additional oxygen during hypoxia. These findings illustrate that hypoxia stress might damage gill tissue, trigger an immunological response, and activate HIF-1 signaling to increase oxygen availability under hypoxic situations. The findings of this work will help scientists better understand the molecular mechanisms driving hypoxia responses in hypoxia-sensitive fish and speed up the development of hypoxia-resistant varieties.

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Combination of PET and CXCR4-Targeted Peptide Molecule Agents for Noninvasive Tumor Monitoring

Cited by 4 publications

References 38 publications

In Vivo Targeting of CXCR4—New Horizons

In Vivo Targeting of CXCR4—New Horizons

Identification of Critical Genes and Signaling Pathways in Human Monocytes Following High-Intensity Exercise

Hypoxia Stress Induces Tissue Damage, Immune Defense, and Oxygen Transport Change in Gill of Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix): Evaluation on Hypoxia by Using Transcriptomics

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