Combination of micro-dialysis and infrared spectroscopy: a multianalyte assay for accurate biofluid analysis and patient monitoring

Monitoring Neurochemistry in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Using Microdialysis Integrated with Biosensors: A Review

“…Advantageously, this biosensor quantified other small molecules including glycerol. Since then, numerous biosensors coupled to microdialysis for the quantification of molecules found in body fluids, tissues, and organs other than the brain have been reported [ 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 ]. An earlier review of biochemical monitoring of various bodily fluids has been presented elsewhere [ 79 ].…”

“…Various applications of optical sensing have been performed both in a label-free or label-based manner. For label-based detection, the optical signal is acquired by fluorescent or colorimetric techniques [ 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 ], whereas label-free techniques involve light–analyte interactions to facilitate signal detection exemplified by spectroscopic biosensors [ 49 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 99 ]. Other than the widely used offline ISCUSflex colorimetric bedside analyser, all optical based techniques integrated with microdialysis to quantify TBI metabolites have utilised infrared spectroscopic sensors.…”

“…The versatility of optical sensing technologies integrated with microdialysis for reagent-free multi-analyte assays has been demonstrated by various studies [ 49 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 99 ]. Examples are presented in Figure 7 [ 49 , 69 ].…”

A Novel Approach for the Assessment of Insulin Potency by Glycemic Monitoring of an Insulin-Dependent Human Cell Line

“…Dialysate infrared spectra were continuously measured in a 30-µm flow-through cell. Multivariate analyte quantification was applied using data within the spectral interval between 1600 and 980 cm -1 including consideration of the dialysis recovery rates to be independent from membrane fouling (see Figure 1); for further experimental details, see also Vahlsing et al 6 For standardization, two parameters are essential, ie, growth rate and number of cells after 60 hours with the onset of the exponential growth phase. By determining the normalized slope of the time-dependent glucose utilization until reaching the stationary glucose level within the cell culture (multiplication of the glucose concentration slope by the ratio of growth rate and number of cells after 60 hours), the potency of each tested insulin can be assessed when compared to certified insulin samples (see table in Figure 1).…”

“…Dialysate infrared spectra were continuously measured in a 30-µm flow-through cell. Multivariate analyte quantification was applied using data within the spectral interval between 1600 and 980 cm –1 including consideration of the dialysis recovery rates to be independent from membrane fouling (see Figure 1); for further experimental details, see also Vahlsing et al 6…”