Combination of experimental and theoretical investigation on Ti-doped g-C3N4 with improved photo-catalytic activity

Zhang, Ruoyu; Niu, Siying; Zhang, Xingchao; Jiang, Zhenyi; Zheng, Jiming; Guo, Chongfeng

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.05.362

Cited by 71 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Substantial efforts have been devoted to overcoming the drawbacks of g-C 3 N 4 , such as lack of active reaction sites, limited absorption of visible light, and rapid recombination of photogenerated electron–hole pairs. The commonly adopted methods include defect engineering, such as self , or hetero , atom doping, formation of heterostructures, − loading of cocatalysts, − morphology control, , construction of nanosheets, − and copolymerization with other organics. − Among the above, doping and copolymerization can significantly modify the chemical composition and structures of g-C 3 N 4 and, therefore, intrinsically alter its optical and catalytic properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Codoped Polymeric Photocatalyst with Prolonged Carrier Lifetime and Extended Spectral Response up to 600 nm for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution

Wang

Fan

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The intrinsic properties of photocatalysts, such as electron state and energy band structure, contribute significantly to their catalytic performance. However, it is difficult to alter these properties of semiconductors by conventional modifications. To adjust the intrinsic properties while preserving long-term conjugation of the polymeric photocatalysts, a post-thermal treatment is proposed to codope P and Na into polymeric carbon nitride in this work. After codoping, the absorption of visible irradiation is strongly extended up to 639 nm. Additionally, the lifetime of charge carriers is almost tripled from 1.09 to 2.93 ns. The photocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance under visible light is improved to 2032 μmol·h–1 g–1 in the optimized sample, corresponding to apparent quantum efficiencies of 6.79% and 0.09% at 420 and 600 nm, respectively. The enhanced catalytic activity is ascribed to the synergistic effects of prolonged lifetime and increased charge density that resulted from lattice distortion and extended visible utilization due to the formation of subgap state. Our work provides new pathways for the modification of polymeric catalysts toward high-performance and full-spectrum photocatalysis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Codoped Polymeric Photocatalyst with Prolonged Carrier Lifetime and Extended Spectral Response up to 600 nm for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution

Wang

Fan

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Here, the (100) peak represented the in-planar repeating structures of tri-s-triazine units and the (002) peak was derived from the interplanar stacking of aromatic rings, respectively [20]. Specifically, compared with CN, the (002) peak intensities of co-doped composites gradually weakened as TiCl 4 dosage increased, which could be attributed to the poorer crystallinity and the generation of defects [21,22]. Interestingly, no obvious diffraction peaks relevant to Ti species, such as TiO 2 , could be detected in any of the Ti/OCN composites, probably mainly due to the low additive content or monatomic form existence of Ti in CN framework [21].…”

Section: Characterizations Of As-synthesized Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

One pot synthesis of Ti and O co-doped g-C₃N₄: a novel composite for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic inactivation of E. cloacae

She

Yao

et al. 2021

Mater. Res. Express

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Co-doping is one of the most facile and efficient strategies for boosting the photocatalytic performance of g-C3N4. Herein, a series of Ti and O co-doped g-C3N4 (Ti/OCN) composites with excellent photocatalytic inactivation activity of Enterobacter cloacae (E. cloacae) were successfully synthesized by simple calcination of urea/formic acid/TiCl4 precursor. The obtained Ti/OCN-3 possessed the optimal photocatalytic capability with complete inactivation of 6.20 log CFU·ml−1 E. cloacae under 60 min of visible light irradiation. The improved photocatalytic disinfection performance was probably attributed to the synergistic effect of Ti and O co-doping, which led to an extended visible light response and accelerated charge transport efficiency. Furthermore, scavenger trapping and electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments revealed that ·O2 −, h+ and ·OH were responsible for the enhanced inactivation activity. Overall, this research provided a promising strategy for fabricating g-C3N4-based catalysts to efficiently deal with the hazards of pathogenic microorganisms.

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“…Titanium‐doped PCN materials have been reported by Zhang et al through calcining a mixture of melamine and tetrabutyl titanate. [ 88 ] The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results and theoretical calculations suggest that the doped Ti atoms bridge two adjacent PCN layers, narrow the bandgap, and improve the charge separation ability. Similar methods have been used to prepare vanadium (V)‐doped PCN photocatalysts by Ding et al for effective hydroxylation of benzene to phenol.…”

Section: Strategies Of Pcn Functionalizationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic‐ and Molecular‐Level Functionalizations of Polymeric Carbon Nitride for Solar Fuel Production

Zhen

Xue

2020

Solar RRL

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Polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) is a metal‐free semiconductor that has received extensive research attention due to its unique advantages such as low cost, high stability, and visible‐light response. However, pristine PCN is not an ideal photocatalyst because of fast electron–hole recombination and its inert surface for molecular adsorption. Nevertheless, benefiting from the N‐linked tri‐s‐triazine structure, PCN can be readily functionalized through chemical modifications. As such, researchers have made enormous efforts to develop various strategies for modifying PCN to achieve enhanced photocatalytic activities. Herein, recent advances in PCN functionalizations with different atomic or molecular units, including metal and nonmetal elements, small functional groups, organic functional fragments, and metal complex motifs, are summarized. Moreover, the effect of different PCN functionalization strategies on the molecular structure, optical properties, electronic behaviors, and photocatalytic activities particularly for water splitting and CO2 reduction is discussed. In the end, the remaining challenges in the structural modification of PCN and future opportunities of functional PCN‐based photocatalysts for efficient solar fuel production are elaborated on.

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Combination of experimental and theoretical investigation on Ti-doped g-C3N4 with improved photo-catalytic activity

Cited by 71 publications

References 47 publications

A Codoped Polymeric Photocatalyst with Prolonged Carrier Lifetime and Extended Spectral Response up to 600 nm for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution

A Codoped Polymeric Photocatalyst with Prolonged Carrier Lifetime and Extended Spectral Response up to 600 nm for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution

One pot synthesis of Ti and O co-doped g-C₃N₄: a novel composite for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic inactivation of E. cloacae

Atomic‐ and Molecular‐Level Functionalizations of Polymeric Carbon Nitride for Solar Fuel Production

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Combination of experimental and theoretical investigation on Ti-doped g-C3N4 with improved photo-catalytic activity

Cited by 71 publications

References 47 publications

A Codoped Polymeric Photocatalyst with Prolonged Carrier Lifetime and Extended Spectral Response up to 600 nm for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution

A Codoped Polymeric Photocatalyst with Prolonged Carrier Lifetime and Extended Spectral Response up to 600 nm for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution

One pot synthesis of Ti and O co-doped g-C3N4: a novel composite for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic inactivation of E. cloacae

Atomic‐ and Molecular‐Level Functionalizations of Polymeric Carbon Nitride for Solar Fuel Production

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One pot synthesis of Ti and O co-doped g-C₃N₄: a novel composite for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic inactivation of E. cloacae