Combination Effects of Plant Extracts Rich in Tannins and Saponins as Feed Additives for Mitigating in Vitro Ruminal Methane and Ammonia Formation

Jayanegara, Anuraga; Yogianto, Yogianto; Wina, Elizabeth; Sudarman, Asep; Kondo, Makoto; Obitsu, Taketo; Kreuzer, Michael

doi:10.3390/ani10091531

Cited by 42 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, CT and SP had an inhibiting effect on nutrient digestion by reducing the number of ruminal fibrolytic bacteria [37]. Tannins can form complexes with proteins and carbohydrates via hydrogen or hydrophobic interactions, or both, reducing their availability to microbial breakdown and fermentation [1,2].…”

Section: In Vitro Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ruminants contribute to global warming by producing methane (CH 4 ), a significant greenhouse gas, as a byproduct of rumen microbial fermentation. Methane emissions cause energy loss in ruminants as well as contribute to greenhouse gas emissions [1,2]. Tropical plants are rich in phytonutrient compounds such as condensed tannins (CT) and saponins (SP), which might have antibacterial action, particularly in protozoal and methanogen populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mitragyna speciosa Korth Leaves Supplementation on Feed Utilization, Rumen Fermentation Efficiency, Microbial Population, and Methane Production In Vitro

Phesatcha

Wanapat

et al. 2021

Fermentation

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The objective of the research was to evaluate the different levels of Mitragyna speciosa Korth leaves powder (MSLP) added to rations with 60:40 or 40:60 roughage to a concentrate (R:C ratio) on in vitro nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation characteristics, microbial population, and methane (CH4) production. The treatments were arranged according to a 2 × 8 factorial arrangement in a completely randomized design. The two factors contain the R:C ratio (60:40 and 40:60) and the levels of MSLP addition (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7% of the total substrate). There was no interaction between the R:C ratio and MSLP supplementation on gas production kinetics, ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and microbial populations. The gas production rate constant for the insoluble fraction (c) was increased by the R:C ratio at (40:60), whilst there was no difference obtained among treatments for cumulative gas production, whilst the gas production rate constant for the insoluble fraction (c) was increased by the R:C ratio at 40:60. The concentration of NH3-N was influenced by the R:C ratio and MSLP addition both at 4 and 8 h after incubation. In vitro dry matter degradability (IVDMD) and organic matter degradability (IVOMD) were significantly improved by the R:C ratio and supplementation of MSLP at 12 h. Increasing the R:C ratio and MSLP concentrations increased total volatile fatty acid (VFA) and propionic acid (C3) concentrations while decreasing acetic acid (C2) and butyric acid (C4) concentrations; thus, the C2:C3 ratio was reduced. MSLP addition reduced protozoa and methanogen populations (p < 0.05). The calculated CH4 production was decreased (p < 0.05) by the R:C ratios at 40:60 and supplementation of MSLP. Finally, the addition of MSLP as a phytonutrient may improve nutrient degradability and rumen fermentation properties while decreasing protozoa, methanogen population, and CH4 production.

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Section: In Vitro Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitragyna speciosa Korth Leaves Supplementation on Feed Utilization, Rumen Fermentation Efficiency, Microbial Population, and Methane Production In Vitro

Phesatcha

Wanapat

et al. 2021

Fermentation

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“…The CH 4 emissions from ruminants are not only a serious environmental issue but also a significant source of energy loss to the animals. Different kinds of antimethanogenic compounds have already been studied to investigate their potential to reduce CH 4 production [ 20 ]; however, there are limitations to their use due to their negative impacts on rumen fermentation characteristics [ 8 ], and they exhibited inconsistent efficiency with different feeding styles [ 9 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Therefore, sustainable and immediate CH 4 mitigation strategies for the livestock industry are in high demand.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, sustainable and immediate CH 4 mitigation strategies for the livestock industry are in high demand. Combining different plant extracts to achieve effective and sustainable CH 4 reduction is a relatively new and promising approach [ 23 ]. The PE, a novel plant-based combination of garlic and citrus extracts, showed promising results when used as a feed supplement for CH 4 mitigation from ruminants [ 13 , 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Efficacy of Plant-Based Bioactives Supplementation to Different Proportion of Concentrate Diets on Methane Production and Rumen Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro

Ahmed

Fukuma

Hanada

et al. 2021

Animals

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This In Vitro study was conducted to investigate the impact of plant-bioactives extract (PE), a combination of garlic powder and bitter orange extract, on methane production, rumen fermentation, and digestibility in different feeding models. The dietary treatments were 1000 g grass/kg ration + 0 g concentrate/kg ration (100:0), 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, and 20:80. The PE was supplemented at 200 g/kg of the feed. Each group consisted of 6 replicates. The experiment was performed as an In Vitro batch culture for 24 h at 39 °C. This procedure was repeated in three consecutive runs. The results of this experiment showed that supplementation with PE strongly reduced methane production in all kinds of feeding models (p < 0.001). Its efficacy in reducing methane/digestible dry matter was 44% in the 100:0 diet, and this reduction power increased up to a 69.2% with the inclusion of concentrate in the 20:80 diet. The PE application significantly increased gas and carbon dioxide production and the concentration of ammonia-nitrogen, but decreased the pH (p < 0.001). In contrast, it did not interfere with organic matter and fiber digestibility. Supplementation with PE was effective in altering rumen fermentation toward less acetate and more propionate and butyrate (p < 0.001). Additionally, it improved the production of total volatile fatty acids in all feeding models (p < 0.001). In conclusion, the PE combination showed effective methane reduction by improving rumen fermentation characteristics without exhibiting adverse effects on fiber digestibility. Thus, PE could be used with all kinds of feeding models to effectively mitigate methane emissions from ruminants.

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“…The strong deamination power of some plants included in the MIX 3.0, e.g., Thymus vulgaris L. [32,44] could explain this effect. Another explanation could be the antimicrobial effect of Chenopodium quinoa W. on protozoa and on proteolytic bacteria [45]. Conversely, ruminal microorganisms require ruminal NH3 for the growth and synthesis of microbial proteins [38,42].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Effects of a Compound Based on Plants, Yeast and Trace Elements on the Ruminal Function of Dairy Cows

Lessire

Point²,

Knoerr³

et al. 2021

Dairy

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The high production levels reached by the dairy sector need adjustment in nutritional inputs and efficient feed conversion. In this context, we evaluated a compound (QY—Qualix Yellow) combining optimized inputs in trace elements and 20% MIX 3.0. In a first step, the effects of MIX 3.0 on ruminal function were assessed in vitro by incubating ruminal fluid with the mixture at a ratio of 20:1. The results obtained encouraged us to test QY in vivo, on a herd of dairy cows. The herd was divided into one group of 19 dairy cows receiving the compound and a control group of 20 animals conducted in the same conditions, but which did not received the compound; the production performance and feed efficiency of the two groups were compared. In vitro experiments showed improved digestion of acid and neutral detergent fibres by 10%. The propionate production was enhanced by 14.5% after 6 h incubation with MIX 3.0. The plant mixture decreased the production of methane and ammonia by 37% and 52%, respectively, and reduced the number of protozoa by 50%. An increase in milk yield by 2.4 kg/cow/d (p < 0.1), combined with a decrease in concentrate consumption of 0.27 kg DM/cow/d (p < 0.001), was observed in vivo after consumption of the compound. Sixty-six days after the beginning of the trial, methane emissions per kg of milk were significantly lower in the group receiving QY. In conclusion, MIX 3.0 induced change in ruminal function in vitro and, when it entered into the composition of the QY, it appeared to improve feed efficiency and production performance in vivo.

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Combination Effects of Plant Extracts Rich in Tannins and Saponins as Feed Additives for Mitigating in Vitro Ruminal Methane and Ammonia Formation

Cited by 42 publications

References 45 publications

Mitragyna speciosa Korth Leaves Supplementation on Feed Utilization, Rumen Fermentation Efficiency, Microbial Population, and Methane Production In Vitro

Mitragyna speciosa Korth Leaves Supplementation on Feed Utilization, Rumen Fermentation Efficiency, Microbial Population, and Methane Production In Vitro

The Efficacy of Plant-Based Bioactives Supplementation to Different Proportion of Concentrate Diets on Methane Production and Rumen Fermentation Characteristics In Vitro

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Effects of a Compound Based on Plants, Yeast and Trace Elements on the Ruminal Function of Dairy Cows

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