Combination effects of milk feeding methods and starter crude protein concentration: Evaluation on performance and health of Holstein male calves

Daneshvar, D.; Khorvash, M.; Ghasemi, Erfan; Mahdavi, Amir Hossein

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.10.025

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The plasma albumin and IgG concentration did not vary with different levels of fat and protein in the present feeding trial. Similar to the present finding Daneshvar et al [15] reported no change in blood albumin levels after feeding calf starter containing 20% and 24% CP in the Holstein calves. There was no significant change observed in albumin levels after feeding the calves with different CP (23%, 25%, and 27%) Figure 1.…”

Section: Blood Plasma Biochemical Parameters In Sahiwal Calvessupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Previous studies [31,32] reported that increasing the protein content above 20% of starter DM did not improve the performance of calves. Similarly, other studies concluded that performance of calves remained same at different CP levels of the starter [15,33]. Similar to present finding Araujo et al [11] found that fat levels of starter feed did not influence the ADG in Holstein calves.…”

Section: Nutrient Intake and Weight Gain In Sahiwal Calvessupporting

confidence: 89%

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Effect of different fat and protein levels in calf ration on performance of Sahiwal calves

Sharma

Nimje

Tomar

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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The current study was carried out to examine the response of different levels of fat and protein in calf starter on nutrient utilisation, nitrogen metabolism, weight gain, blood parameters, and immunity level in pre-ruminant calves. Methods: Twenty four calves (5 days old) were divided into six groups in a 2×3 factorial design, with two levels of fat (10% and 14%) and three levels of protein (18%, 21%, and 24%). The calves were kept in individual pens for 120 days and fed with whole milk (1/10th of body weight) and calf starter ad-libitum. Daily dry matter intake was recorded; whereas body weight was taken on fortnightly basis to calculate average daily gain. During the growth trial blood samples were collected at 30 days interval to estimate blood glucose, albumin, total protein, total leucocyte count, total immunoglobulins and immunoglobulin G levels. A metabolic trial of seven days was carried out to find out the digestibility of different nutrients. Results: The dry matter intake was reduced (p<0.05) with higher fat and protein levels whereas feed conversion efficiency was improved (p<0.05) with higher protein level. Different levels of fat and protein in calf ration did not affect average daily gain in calves. The dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein digestibility were significantly (p<0.01) higher with increased level of protein. The nitrogen retention was also significantly higher (p<0.05) at 24% protein level, similarly the total immunoglobulin was significantly (p<0.05) high in higher protein fed groups, showed better immunity. Conclusion: The present finding suggested that 10% fat and 18% protein level of calf starter could be used in Sahiwal calves for optimum performance in terms of weight gain and immunity.

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Section: Blood Plasma Biochemical Parameters In Sahiwal Calvessupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Nutrient Intake and Weight Gain In Sahiwal Calvessupporting

confidence: 89%

Effect of different fat and protein levels in calf ration on performance of Sahiwal calves

Sharma

Nimje

Tomar

et al. 2020

Asian-Australas J Anim Sci

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“…Others have also recommended an extended (>10 d) transition period (Khan et al, 2007a;Steele et al, 2017) or delayed age at weaning (Eckert et al, 2015) for calves fed more than approximately 700 to 800 g of milk or MR solids daily. On the other hand, 3677 stepwise weaning strategies were ineffective in improving performance when small differences in feeding rates (e.g., 5.5 vs. 7 L/d to weaning at 60 d) were evaluated (Daneshvar et al, 2017).…”

Section: Effects Of Age and Intake On Total-tract Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Symposium review: Re-evaluation of National Research Council energy estimates in calf starters

Quigley

2019

Journal of Dairy Science

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Provision of nutrients in appropriate amounts to meet nutrient requirements for growth, production, and reproduction is the basis for modern animal nutrition. Ration formulation systems predict nutrient requirements based on numerous inputs and then predict nutrient supply based on predicted intake and nutrient content of feeds. Energy systems are used to predict energy supply based on gross caloric content of feeds followed by adjustments for digestion and metabolism of ingested energy. Many models of energy supply use static coefficients of digestibility based on nutrient composition of feed. Other models partition digestion dynamically between ruminal and postruminal digestion but use static estimates of intestinal digestibility to predict energy supplied to the animal. In young calves, both ruminal fermentation and intestinal digestion are underdeveloped; therefore, existing models of energy supply might overestimate the energy available before complete gastrointestinal maturation. In a series of experiments, we reported that total-tract digestion of nutrients changes with advancing age and nutrient intake. Total-tract digestion was measured in calves from 3 to 16 wk of age when fed different amounts and types of milk replacers. Calves were also fed different types of calf starter for ad libitum consumption. Total-tract digestibility of protein, fat, neutral detergent fiber, and nonfiber carbohydrate (NFC) was used to calculate the metabolizable energy (ME) in starter. We used nonlinear regression to estimate the contribution of protein and fat from starter and milk replacer before weaning. Early in life, calculated ME of starter was low and increased with increasing intake of NFC. Cumulative intake of NFC was more highly correlated with changing ME values than other indices, including age, intake of milk replacer, or intake of other nutrients in starter. When calves consumed at least of 15 kg of NFC, ME calculated from digestibility measurements was similar to the ME calculated using National Research Council equations and indicated maturation of gastrointestinal digestion. Our data suggest that intake of NFC is critical to gastrointestinal maturation and the calf's ability to extract energy from calf starter.

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“…La crianza artificial consiste en el manejo, cuidado y alimentación de los terneros hasta el destete, y su objetivo es lograr que los animales dependan menos de la leche para obtener sus nutrientes, a la menor edad posible, y puedan incorporar otros alimentos sólidos a la dieta (Dichio et al, 2015). En las terneras de reemplazo provenientes de lecherías, el periodo de crianza en promedio es de ocho semanas (Amado et al, 2019; Elizondo-Salazar y Monge-Rojas, 2019), mientras que en los machos se reporta un rango entre 3 y 8 semanas (Kehoe et al, 2007;Gonsolin, 2013;Eckert et al, 2015;Cheema et al, 2016;Daneshvar et al, 2017).…”

Section: Crianza Artificialunclassified

“…Dentro de los protocolos restringidos para el suministro de leche en la crianza de machos Holstein, se reporta el abastecimiento de 5,5 l día -1 de leche hasta el día 56, y 3 l día -1 hasta el día 59, para un total de ocho semanas, y protocolos graduales con 7 l día -1 de leche hasta el día 35, 4 l día -1 desde el día 35 hasta el día 49, y 2 l día -1 desde el día 50 hasta el día 59 (Daneshvar et al, 2017).…”

Section: Dietaunclassified

Alimentación: factor estratégico durante la crianza artificial de terneros provenientes de lecherías

et al. 2020

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Introducción. Los sistemas de lechería especializada en Colombia, representan el sector más tecnificado de la producción bovina, pero presentan retos en torno a la rentabilidad y competitividad con el mercado de productos lácteos importados, que establece una desventaja para la producción local. Sin embargo, la crianza de machos y hembras de descarte, para producción de carne, puede ser una alternativa competitiva. Objetivo. Profundizar en el manejo de la alimentación durante la crianza de terneros provenientes de lecherías. Desarrollo. La crianza artificial consiste en el manejo, cuidado y alimentación de los terneros hasta el destete y su objetivo es lograr que los animales dependan menos nutricionalmente de la leche, a la menor edad posible, y puedan incorporar alimentos sólidos a la dieta. La a alimentación base de los terneros durante la crianza es: calostro, leche o lactoreemplazador, alimento concentrado, y forraje. Se debe asegurar la medición de la calidad de calostro y ofrecerlo en mayor proporción durante la primer hora posparto. La leche o lactoreemplazador se deberá dar máximo durante ocho semanas con tendencia a disminuir el periodo sin afectar el desarrollo de los terneros, ofreciendo un producto de calidad composicional y sanitaria. El concentrado y la fuente de forraje, podrá ser ofrecida desde las primeras semanas de vida, garantizando la calidad y retirando los sobrantes para evitar problemas gastrointestinales. Conclusión. La cría como etapa crítica requiere un manejo estratégico de la alimentación. El suministro de calostro de calidad en el momento indicado, es la base de toda la etapa de producción. La alimentación líquida es esencial para la adaptación fisiológica y enzimática del tracto gastrointestinal, mientras que el alimento sólido es fundamental para el desarrollo ruminal.

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Combination effects of milk feeding methods and starter crude protein concentration: Evaluation on performance and health of Holstein male calves

Cited by 16 publications

References 46 publications

Effect of different fat and protein levels in calf ration on performance of Sahiwal calves

Effect of different fat and protein levels in calf ration on performance of Sahiwal calves

Symposium review: Re-evaluation of National Research Council energy estimates in calf starters

Alimentación: factor estratégico durante la crianza artificial de terneros provenientes de lecherías

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