Combination Contraceptive Effects on Monthly Cycle of Plasma Aldosterone, Renin Activity and Renin Substrate

Katz, Fred H.; Romfh, Peggy; Smith, Judith A.; Roper, E; Barnes, John S.

doi:10.1530/acta.0.0790295

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Higher stimulated plasma aldosterone concentrations in younger a n d middleaged women than in men, theoretically, could reflect influence of female sex h o r m o n e s u p o n aldosterone secretion. However, during the menstrual cycle changes in aldosterone secretion are m e d i a t e d by changes in the renin-angiotensin system [15,16]. In our study such a mechanism causing the differences in p l a s m a aldosterone is not conceivable since p l a s m a renin activity statistically not different in the c o m p a rable age-groups between male and female patients occurred.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

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Age- and sex-related differences in plasma aldosterone in essential hypertension. Relationship to plasma renin activity

et al. 1979

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In essential hypertension mean basal (supine) and stimulated plasma renin activity (2 h upright posture + 40 mg furosemide intraveneously) decreased progressively with age. No significant differences were observed in renin levels between male and female patients. With increasing age mean basal (supine) plasma aldosterone remained almost unchanged in females, whereas in males a slight increase was found. However, in the comparable age-groups no significant sex-related differences were obtained. In female patients changes in mean stimulated plasma aldosterone with increasing age paralleled those of plasma renin activity, whereas in males this relationship was less obvious: only a slight age-related decline in stimulated aldosterone levels was observed and significantly lower plasma aldosterone concentrations in male than in female hypertensives of the younger age-groups (less than 40 years) were found. The results indicate that in essential hypertension with increasing age dissociation between plasma aldosterone and plasma renin activity occurred. Furthermore, the described alterations in adrenal aldosterone release are more pronounced in male than in female patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…A t d o s t e r o n e levels are r e p o r t e d to increase during the menstrual cycle [15,16]. Higher stimulated plasma aldosterone concentrations in younger a n d middleaged women than in men, theoretically, could reflect influence of female sex h o r m o n e s u p o n aldosterone secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age- and sex-related differences in plasma aldosterone in essential hypertension. Relationship to plasma renin activity

et al. 1979

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“…Oestrogens induce a prompt rise of plasma renin substrate (Helmer & Griffith 1952;Helmer & Judson 1967;Skinner et al 1969;Menard et al 1970) associated with an elevation of plasma renin activity (Crane & Harris 1969;Cain et al 1971 ; Helmer & Griffith 1952) as we indeed observed in the present study. Variable elevation of urinary aldosterone has been observed in women taking oral contraceptives (Crane & Harris 1969;Katz et al 1975;Helmer & Griffith 1952;Menard et al 1970). In the present study, a slight but statistically insignificant elevation of urinary aldosterone was observed after 3 days on ethinyl-oestradiol alone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In dogs the infusion of angiotensin II (All) has been shown to stimulate the secretion of antidiuretic hormone and to potentiate the liberation of antidiuretic hormone in response to an osmotic load (reviewed by Share 1979). In addition to this action angioten¬ sin exerts a central dipsogenic effect as demon¬ strated by Fitzsimons 1978 CH-1211 Genève 4, Switzerland. added in vitro in the medium bathing isolated rat pituitary glands or intact hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal systems but not isolated rat neural lobes (reviewed by Share 1979 andby Fregly 1978). Oestrogens are known to influence the reninangiotensin-aldosterone system and to modify salt and water balance (Crane & Harris 1969;Cain et al 1971;Menard & Catt 1973;Katz et al 1975). …”

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confidence: 99%

Studies of the factors modulating antidiuretic hormone excretion in man in response to the osmolar stimulus: effects of oestrogen and angiotensin II

Vallotton

Gaillard

1983

Acta Endocrinologica

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The aim of this study was to assess the influence of hormones known to regulate fluid and electrolyte balance on the release of antidiuretic hormone induced by raising serum osmolality. The stimulus provoked by the infusion of a 2.5% NaCl solution induces an increase of urinary [arginine-8]-vasopressin from 1.12 to 2.64 ng/h in men and from 1.65 to 7.27 ng/h in women as has been previously reported. These results were compared to those obtained in males infused with angiotensin II (All) before and during a hypertonic sodium load and in males infused with hypertonic saline on the fourth day of administration of ethinyl-oestradiol. During the combined infusion of All and then hypertonic saline, the mean hourly urinary excretion of AVP increased from 2.8 to 5.67 ng/h. Within each group the increase of urinary AVP was highly significant. The rise of urinary AVP during All infusion was significantly different from the rise observed both in untreated males and untreated females, lying in between. The mean hourly excretion rate of AVP increased before and after hypertonic saline loading from 2.65 to 5.3 ng/h in males pre-treated with ethinyl-oestradiol. The significant difference observed between males and females is reduced when males treated with oestrogen were compared to female subjects. In each group plasma renin activity decreased to low values during the salt-loading test. During oestrogen treatment PRA and plasma renin substrate rose, while urinary aldosterone remained almost unchanged.We conclude that All stimulates the release of AVP in males and potentiates the response of AVP to the osmolar stimulus, and that oestrogen potentiates in man the release of AVP in response to the osmolar stimulus. This oestrogenic effect may account for the observed sex difference.We have previously reported that the daily urinary excretion of antidiuretic hormone was significantly elevated in male as compared with female subjects and furthermore that women presented a stronger antidiuretic hormone response to an osmotic load than did men .Little is known about the factors modulating the release of antidiuretic hormone (AVP) in human beings in response to changes in serum osmolality or in intravascular volume. Many experimental observations in animals point to a physiological link between the two systems responsible for maintain¬ ing the constancy of the body's fluid volume and composition: antidiuretic hormone regulating water balance and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system regulating salt balance. In dogs the infusion of angiotensin II (All) has been shown to stimulate the secretion of antidiuretic hormone and to potentiate the liberation of antidiuretic hormone in response to an osmotic load (reviewed by Share 1979). In addition to this action angioten¬ sin exerts a central dipsogenic effect as demon¬ strated by Fitzsimons 1978). Angiotensin II has been found to induce the liberation of vasopressin after intracerebroventricular injection or when In memory of the late Dr. U. Merkelbach.

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“…PLASMA renin activity has been reported to be significantly increased in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle (Brown et al, 1964a;Skinner et al, 1969;Robertson et al, 1971 ;Sundsfjord and Aakvaag, 1973;Katz et al, 1975). Angiotensin I1 levels are also increased at this time (Sundsfjord and Aakvaag, 1970;Robertson et al, 1971).…”

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confidence: 97%

Sequential Changes in the Human Renin‐angiotensin System Following Therapeutic Termination of Pregnancy

Pipkin

Oats

Hunter

et al. 1979

BJOG

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Plasma renin and angiotensin I1 levels were measured in nine patients immediately before and at half-hourly intervals in the four hours following therapeutic termination of pregnancy. There was a small fall in renin and angiotensin I1 levels over the first 1 to 2 hours, followed by a slight increase. The magnitude of these effects was much smaller than those previously seen following normal delivery. It is concluded that in early pregnancy maternal, rather than feto-placental, factors are controlling the renin-angiotensin system.

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Combination Contraceptive Effects on Monthly Cycle of Plasma Aldosterone, Renin Activity and Renin Substrate

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

Age- and sex-related differences in plasma aldosterone in essential hypertension. Relationship to plasma renin activity

Age- and sex-related differences in plasma aldosterone in essential hypertension. Relationship to plasma renin activity

Studies of the factors modulating antidiuretic hormone excretion in man in response to the osmolar stimulus: effects of oestrogen and angiotensin II

Sequential Changes in the Human Renin‐angiotensin System Following Therapeutic Termination of Pregnancy

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