Combating Bacterial Biofilm Formation in Urinary Catheter by Green Silver Nanoparticle

Abstract

Urinary catheters are commonly associated with urinary tract infections. This study aims to inhibit bacterial colonisation and biofilm of urinary tract catheters. Silicon catheter pieces were varnished with green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Pistacia lentiscus mastic to prevent bacterial colonisation. Pomegranate rind extract was used to synthesize AgNPs. AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results obtained revealed that the size of most AgNPs ranged between 15–25 nm and they took crystallised metal and oxidised forms. The amounts of released silver ions from 1 cm pieces of catheters coated with AgNPs were estimated for five days and ranged between 10.82 and 4.8 µg. AgNPs coated catheters significantly inhibited the colonisation of catheters by antibiotic-resistant clinical Gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria. AgNPs-varnish was more active against Gram-negative bacteria than Gram-positive bacteria. The significant inhibitory effect of coated catheters lasted for 72 h for both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Varnishing catheters with AgNPs may help to prevent bacterial colonisation and infections.

S‐Nitroso‐N‐acetylpenicillamine impregnated latex: A new class of barrier contraception for the prevention of intercourse‐associated UTIs

“…8 Within recent years, there have been breakthroughs in materials science and sexual health to target these risks. Commercially available urinary catheters have been modified with polydopamine, 9 metal nanoparticles, 10,11 and S-nitrosothiols, 12 creating antimicrobial interfaces to decrease the potential of UTI onset. Additionally, sexual health professionals are beginning to understand the correlation between sexual activity and condom use with UTI development in women.…”

Anti-infective Efficacy of Duloxetine against Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Gram-Positive Bacteria

“…To assess the antibacterial efficacy of the duloxetine-coated silicone catheter against S. aureus , an in vitro bladder model was employed, following the methodology described in a previous study. 26 Concisely, small pieces of the silicone catheter tube were immersed in a duloxetine solution (37.5 mg/mL) for 1 h. The air-dried, drug-coated pieces were then placed onto sterile Mueller–Hinton agar (MHA) plates that had been swabbed with an overnight S. aureus culture, and the plates were subsequently incubated. The presence of an inhibition zone around the well indicated the antibacterial activity of the drug-coated catheter tube.…”

Advances in Nanotechnology for Biofilm Inhibition

“…and proved the potent anti-biofilm activity against a wide range of bacteria, including Escherichia coli , P. aeruginosa , Staphylococcus epidermidis , and S. aureus. Goda et al (2022) synthesized AgNPs using pomegranate extract and showed their potent anti-biofilm activity against a range of Gram-positive ( S. epidermidis and S. aureus ) and Gram-negative bacteria ( E. coli , K. pneumoniae , P. aeruginosa , and P. mirabilis ) . The AgNPs were immobilized on catheters and showed high activity against Gram-positive bacteria as compared to Gram-negative bacteria.…”