Comamonas testosteroni: Is It Still a Rare Human Pathogen

Abstract

Comamonas testosteroni (formally Pseudomonas testosteroni) is common environmental bacterium that is not part of the human microbiome. Since its identification as a human pathogen in 1987, numerous reports have drizzled in, implicating this organism for various infections. Although these organisms are of low virulence, some of their obscurity perhaps is due to the incapability of clinical laboratories to identify them. Most of the reported cases are bloodstream infections. We report a case of gastroenteritis caused by this organism in a 65-year-old female with colostomy in situ.

A Rare Pathogen in Acute Appendicitis: Two Cases with Comamonas testosteroni Infection and Literature Review

“…13,14 C. testosteroni was also reported as a cause of gastroenteritis in a 65-year-old female patient with a colostomy. 1 In another recent report, Escherichia coli and C. testosteroni were isolated from blood cultures postappendicectomy; it was proposed by the authors that these bacteria had originated from an appendicitis-related infection. 15 Cases of patients with C. testosteroni associated with appendicitis are summarized in ►Table 1.…”

“…Comamonas testosteroni is a gram-negative, motile, aerobic, nonglucose-fermenting, and nonspore-forming bacillus, which is commonly found worldwide. 1 It was formerly named Pseudomonas testosteroni and has been reclassified using the recent techniques of genetics and molecular biology. 2 There have been many reports of C. testosteroni as a human pathogen, and it has been described as a cause of bacteremia, meningitis, urinary tract infections, endocarditis, cellulitis, pneumonia, peritonitis, and appendicitis.…”

Primera identificación en Ecuador de Comamonas kerstersii como agente infeccioso

“…Comamonas kerstersii tiende a ser susceptible a antibacterianos β-lactámicos combinados con inhibidores de betalactamasas, quinolonas, cefalosporinas de cuarta generación, aminoglucósidos, carbapenémicos y polimixinas 9 ; también se ha mencionado una aparente sensibilidad a cefalosporinas de primera, segunda y tercera generación 1,[3][4][5][6]8 .…”

“…Las especies más frecuentemente identificadas son Comamonas terrigena, C. testosteroni, C. denitrificans y C. nitrativorans. Usualmente este género tiene una baja virulencia, y ocasionalmente originan infecciones en humanos 1,2 .…”

Zero-Valent Iron Sand Filtration Can Reduce Human and Plant Pathogenic Bacteria While Increasing Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria in Reclaimed Water

“…ZVI-sand filtration was able to reduce the relative abundance of bacterial genera, containing several potential human pathogenic species, detected in our reclaimed water samples. Specifically, genera containing species which were implicated in foodborne and enteric infections (Aeromonas, Arcobacter, Comamonas, and Vibrio) (Collado and Figueras, 2011;Igbinosa et al, 2012;Farooq et al, 2017; Department of Health Human Services, 2019) respiratory infections (Achromobacter, Cupriavidus, Delftia, Klebsiella, Legionella, Mycobacterium, and Sphingobacterium) (Bagley, 1985;World Heath Organization, 2007;Kalka-Moll et al, 2009;Lambiase et al, 2009;Neonakis et al, 2010;Bilgin et al, 2015;Swenson and Sadikot, 2015;Al Hamal et al, 2016), sepsis and bacteremia (Gordonia, Lysinibacillus, Myroides, Shewanella, and Sphingomonas) (Ryan and Adley, 2010;Sharma and Kalawat, 2010;Ramanan et al, 2013;Wenzler et al, 2015;Beharrysingh, 2017), opportunistic infections (Citrobacter, Chryseobacterium, Morganella, and Stenotrophomonas) (Ranjan and Ranjan, 2013;Liu et al, 2016;Imataki and Uemura, 2017;National Institutes of Health, 2018), and genera containing several antibiotic-resistant species (Pedobacter) (Viana et al, 2018) were reduced after ZVI-sand filtration. At the species level, Aeromonas hydrophila, Arcobacter cryaerophilus, Bacillus cereus, and Plesiomonas shigelloides, which cause diarrhea, vomiting, and gastroenteritis (Janda and Abbott, 1998;Janda et al, 2016;Barboza et al, 2017; United States Department of Health Human Services, 2019), Mycobacterium arupense responsible for pulmonary infections (Neonakis et al, 2010;Al Hamal et al, 2016), Eggerthella lenta and Elizabethkingia meningoseptica which cause bacteremia (Gardiner et al, 2015;Shinha and Ahuja, 2015), and pathogens causing other severe infections-Brevundimonas diminuta (antibiotic-resistant opportunistic infections) …”