Colwellia piezophila sp. nov., a novel piezophilic species from deep-sea sediments of the Japan Trench

Abstract

Two strains of obligately piezophilic bacteria were isolated from sediment collected from the bottom surface of a small canyon on the seaward slope of the Japan Trench at a depth of 6278 m. The isolated strains, Y223GT and Y251E, are closely affiliated with members of the genus Colwellia on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The G+C contents of both strains were about 39 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization values between these strains and Colwellia reference strains were significantly lower than those accepted as the phylogenetic definition of a species. The novel strains are Gram-negative, polarly flagellated and facultatively anaerobic. The optimal pressure for growth was 60 MPa at both 4 and 10 6C; the most rapid growth rate was observed at 10 6C and 60 MPa. No growth occurred at 15 6C under any pressure studied. The major isoprenoid quinone is Q-8. The predominant cellular fatty acids are C16 : 0 and C16 : 1. Based on the taxonomic differences observed, the isolated strains appear to represent a novel obligately piezophilic Colwellia species. The name Colwellia piezophila sp. nov. (type strain Y223G T

Colwellia polaris sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from Arctic sea ice

“…Cells of strain 537 T contained Q-8 as the major respiratory quinone. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain 537 T were iso-C 15 : 0 2-OH and/or C 16 : 1 v7c (22.95 %), C 15 : 1 (17.64 %), C 17 : 1 v8c (13.74 %), C 16 : 0 (7.55 %), iso-C 12 : 0 3-OH (6.45 %) and iso-C 16 : 0 (5.69 %); the fatty acid profile resembles those determined for other Colwellia species (Bowman et al, 1998;Nogi et al, 2004;Jung et al, 2006) (see Supplementary Table S1, available in IJSEM Online).The DNA G+C content was determined using the thermal denaturation method, with Escherichia coli K-12 as the reference, and DNA-DNA hybridization was performed using the liquid renaturation method (De Ley et al, 1970) as modified by Huß et al (1983). Both experiments were carried out using a DU800 spectrophotometer (Beckman) with a thermal controller.…”

“…Cells of strain 537 T contained Q-8 as the major respiratory quinone. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain 537 T were iso-C 15 : 0 2-OH and/or C 16 : 1 v7c (22.95 %), C 15 : 1 (17.64 %), C 17 : 1 v8c (13.74 %), C 16 : 0 (7.55 %), iso-C 12 : 0 3-OH (6.45 %) and iso-C 16 : 0 (5.69 %); the fatty acid profile resembles those determined for other Colwellia species (Bowman et al, 1998;Nogi et al, 2004;Jung et al, 2006) (see Supplementary Table S1, available in IJSEM Online).…”

“…The genus Colwellia was originally proposed by Deming et al (1988) with the description of two facultatively anaerobic bacteria, Colwellia psychrerythraea and Colwellia hadaliensis. Seven further species have since been added to the genus: Colwellia demingiae, C. hornerae, C. psychrotropica and C. rossensis (Bowman et al, 1998), C. maris (Yumoto et al, 1998), C. piezophila (Nogi et al, 2004) and C. aestuarii (Jung et al, 2006). During a survey of cold-adapted micro-organisms from Arctic sea-ice samples, we isolated a novel psychrotolerant bacterial strain.…”

Three manganese oxide-rich marine sediments harbor similar communities of acetate-oxidizing manganese-reducing bacteria

“…One additional report is from a sediment (Borin et al, 2009), but judging from the eutrophic coastal setting, manganese reduction is not likely to be important there either. Isolates of these two gammaproteobacterial taxa are mainly of marine origin (Deming et al, 1988;Gosink and Staley, 1995;Bowman et al, 1998;Yumoto et al, 1998;Hedlund et al, 1999;Nogi et al, 2004;Jung et al, 2006). Most isolates are facultative anaerobes, some are able to use acetate as sole carbon and energy source and to reduce nitrate.…”

Psychromonas boydii sp. nov., a gas-vacuolate, psychrophilic bacterium isolated from an Arctic sea-ice core

“…Within this genus, there is variability in, for example, cell size, growth temperature range, the presence of gas vacuoles, apparent flagellar motility, piezophilic growth and carbon source utilization capabilities. This range of phenotypes is not unique to the genus Psychromonas, but is also seen in the closely related genus Colwellia, another genus containing a wide variety of members isolated from cool environments (Bowman et al, 1998;Deming et al, 1988;Nogi et al, 2004).…”