Column studies on the removal of chromium from waste water by mango seed shell activated carbon

Abstract

The effects of time and carbon height on the removal of chromium from wastewater were investigated in fixed down flow adsorption columns containing mango seed shell activated carbon (MSSAC) for the purpose of converting the waste to wealth. The Hutchin's bed depth service time (BDST) model was used to study the columns performance at 10% and 90% breakthrough concentrations. The BDST model constants were determined. The BDST equation obtained at flow rate of 1.61l.hr and influent chromium concentration of 3.151mg/L was used to predict the adsorbent performance at other flow rates and initial chromium concentrations. Results obtained revealed that there was a gradual decrease in the percentage of chromium adsorbed with time; the percentage adsorbed became zero at 72.33, 467.5 and 572 hours respectively for 3cm, 3.5cm and 4cm carbon heights. The breakthrough curves for chromium adsorption deviated from the characteristic S-curve for most dynamic studies because 100% removal of chromium was not attained even at the commencement of the column operation because of the high initial concentration of the adsorbate adopted in this study. It was observed that for a given breakthrough concentration, the service time decreased with increase in both flow rate and initial chromium concentration. Chi-square test performed on the developed BDST models revealed the reliability of the models for the prediction of the columns performance particularly at lower breakthrough concentrations. It was therefore recommended that MSSAC can be used for the removal of chromium from wastewater in adsorption columns; however there is the need for pilot studies on live wastewater to investigate the effect of interference.

Agricultural bio-waste materials as potential sustainable precursors used for activated carbon production: A review

“…Akpen et al [134] had studied the removal of colour from waste water by activated carbon produced from seed of two kinds of mangos which were local and dausha. They used anhydrous ZnCl 2 as a chemical treatment.…”

Breakthrough adsorption studies of mixed gases on mango (Mangifera indicaL.) seed shell derived activated carbon extrudes

“…The adsorption based technology 39 demands efficient porous adsorbents with high CO 2 adsorption 40 capacity, higher selectivity for CO 2 , low heat of adsorption, low 41 cost and thermal as well as chemical stability under operating 42 conditions. Numerous porous solids have been investigated as 43 adsorbents such as zeolites [2][3][4], metal organic frameworks 44 (MOFs) [5], polycarbazoles [6], covalent organic polymers [7], 45 covalent organic frameworks [8], porous organic polymers [9,10], 46 porous polymer networks and zeolitic imidazolate frameworks 47 [11]. Many CO 2 selective sorbents that are decorated with amine 48 functionalization and N 2 -doping on carbon as well as MOFs [12] 49 have been well-documented [13].…”

A Comparative Study on Activated Carbons Derived from a Broad Range of Agro-industrial Wastes in Removal of Large-Molecular-Size Organic Pollutants in Aqueous Phase

“…could be replaced for those cheap and renewable residues to reduce costs and improve the sustainability of the production process. The residues mentioned above have been studied in different experimental conditions around the world: cocoa pod husk (Cruz et al 2012;Ahmad et al 2012;Theivarasu and Mylsamy 2010;Bello et al 2011;Fisal et al 2011), coffee husk (Oliveira et al 2009;Ahmad and Rahman 2011), mango pits (Kwaghger and Ibrahim 2013;Akpen et al 2011), and corncob (Song et al 2013;Bagheri and Abedi 2009;Tsai et al 1998) for the removal of different organic and inorganic compounds in aqueous solutions.…”