Colour vision as a post-receptoral specialization of the central visual field

Mullen, Kathy T.

doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90079-k

Cited by 139 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Additionally, during development, bipolar dendrites are stratified in the outer plexiform layer and synaptic markers are present well before L or M cone opsins are expressed, consistent with the formation of retinal circuitry before cone type is established (Okada et al, 1994;Bumsted et al, 1997). Finally, psychophysically measured red-green color sensitivity decreases more rapidly with increasing retinal eccentricity than would be expected from the loss of achromatic sensitivity (Mullen, 1991;Mullen andKingdom, 1996, 2002). These data are consistent with a "random connection" model of spectral opponency (Lennie, 1980;Paulus and Kroger-Paulus, 1983;Shapley and Perry, 1986;Lennie et al, 1991;Mullen and Kingdom, 1996), according to which horizontal and bipolar cells indiscriminately contact the L and M cones in the photoreceptor mosaic that lie adjacent to their dendritic fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

L and M Cone Contributions to the Midget and Parasol Ganglion Cell Receptive Fields of Macaque Monkey Retina

Diller¹,

Packer²,

Verweij³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

L and M Cone Contributions to the Midget and Parasol Ganglion Cell Receptive Fields of Macaque Monkey Retina

Diller¹,

Packer²,

Verweij³

et al. 2004

J. Neurosci.

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“…Error bars represent SD. Noorlander et al, 1983;van Esch et al, 1984;Abramov et al, 1991), although peripheral color vision is significantly disadvantaged for smaller fields (Noorlander et al, 1983;Mullen, 1991).…”

Section: Implications Of L/m Cone Arrangement For Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organization of the Human Trichromatic Cone Mosaic

Hofer¹,

Carroll²,

Neitz³

et al. 2005

J. Neurosci.

389

311

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Using high-resolution adaptive-optics imaging combined with retinal densitometry, we characterized the arrangement of short-(S), middle-(M), and long-(L) wavelength-sensitive cones in eight human foveal mosaics. As suggested by previous studies, we found males with normal color vision that varied in the ratio of L to M cones (from 1.1:1 to 16.5:1). We also found a protan carrier with an even more extreme L:M ratio (0.37:1). All subjects had nearly identical S-cone densities, indicating independence of the developmental mechanism that governs the relative numerosity of L/M and S cones. L:M cone ratio estimates were correlated highly with those obtained in the same eyes using the flicker photometric electroretinogram (ERG), although the comparison indicates that the signal from each M cone makes a larger contribution to the ERG than each L cone. Although all subjects had highly disordered arrangements of L and M cones, three subjects showed evidence for departures from a strictly random rule for assigning the L and M cone photopigments. In two retinas, these departures corresponded to local clumping of cones of like type. In a third retina, the L:M cone ratio differed significantly at two retinal locations on opposite sides of the fovea. These results suggest that the assignment of L and M pigment, although highly irregular, is not a completely random process. Surprisingly, in the protan carrier, in which X-chromosome inactivation would favor L-or M-cone clumping, there was no evidence of clumping, perhaps as a result of cone migration during foveal development.

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“…Moreover, the properties of neurons representing the fovea and periphery are different. Color sensitivity declines differentially for different colors for peripheral stimuli and also differently from luminance sensitivity (Hansen et al, 2009;Mullen, 1991). High-spatial frequencies are not part of the peripheral representation, because neither the optics of the eye nor the ganglion cell sampling allow for it.…”

Section: Size Perception and Recalibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peripheral representation and peripheral processing is quite different from its foveal counterpart. For example, color sensitivity decays differentially for the two color opponent channels and for the luminance channel (Hansen, Pracejus, & Gegenfurtner, 2009;Mullen, 1991), leading to different cone excitation ratios when an object is processed peripherally and when it is processed in the fovea. Later, we will show that eye movements play an important role for calibrating peripheral and foveal information with respect to each other, as has been suggested earlier (O'Regan & Noe¨, 2001).…”

Section: Interactions Between Vision and Eye Movementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Interaction Between Vision and Eye Movements

Gegenfurtner

2016

Perception

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The existence of a central fovea, the small retinal region with high analytical performance, is arguably the most prominent design feature of the primate visual system. This centralization comes along with the corresponding capability to move the eyes to reposition the fovea continuously. Past research on visual perception was mainly concerned with foveal vision while the observers kept their eyes stationary. Research on the role of eye movements in visual perception emphasized their negative aspects, for example, the active suppression of vision before and during the execution of saccades. But is the only benefit of our precise eye movement system to provide high acuity of the small foveal region, at the cost of retinal blur during their execution? In this review, I will compare human visual perception with and without saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements to emphasize different aspects and functions of eye movements. I will show that the interaction between eye movements and visual perception is optimized for the active sampling of information across the visual field and for the calibration of different parts of the visual field. The movements of our eyes and visual information uptake are intricately intertwined. The two processes interact to enable an optimal perception of the world, one that we cannot fully grasp by doing experiments where observers are fixating a small spot on a display.

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Colour vision as a post-receptoral specialization of the central visual field

Cited by 139 publications

References 36 publications

L and M Cone Contributions to the Midget and Parasol Ganglion Cell Receptive Fields of Macaque Monkey Retina

L and M Cone Contributions to the Midget and Parasol Ganglion Cell Receptive Fields of Macaque Monkey Retina

Organization of the Human Trichromatic Cone Mosaic

The Interaction Between Vision and Eye Movements

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