Thermoelectric materials that are efficient well above ambient temperature are needed to convert waste-heat into electricity. Many thermoelectric oxides were investigated for this purpose, but their power factor (PF) values were too small (∼10 −4 W m −1 K −2 ) to yield a satisfactory figure of merit zT. Changing the anions from O 2− to S 2− and then to Se 2− is a way to increase the covalency. In this review, some examples of sulfides (binary Cr-S or derived from layered TiS 2 ) and an example of selenides, AgCrSe 2 , have been selected to illustrate the characteristic features of their physical properties. The comparison of the only two semiconducting binary chromium sulfides and of a layered AgCrSe 2 selenide shows that the PF values are also in the same order of magnitude as those of transition metal oxides. In contrast, the PF values of the layered sulfides TiS 2 and Cu 0.1 TiS 2 are higher, reaching ∼10 −3 W m −1 K −2 . Apparently the magnetism related to the Cr-S network is detrimental for the PF when compared to the d 0 character of the Ti 4+ based sulfides. Finally, the very low PF in AgCrSe 2 (PF = 2.25 × 10 −4 W m 1 K −2 at 700 K) is compensated by a very low thermal conductivity (κ = 0.2 W m −1 K −1 from the measured C p ) leading to the highest zT value among the reviewed compounds (zT 700 K = 0.8). The existence of a glassy-like state for the Ag + cations above 475 K is believed to be responsible for this result. This result demonstrates that the phonon engineering in open frameworks is a very interesting way to generate efficient thermoelectric materials.