We present a new colorimetric chemosensor
of formula [Fe(H2btm)2(H2O)2]Cl2 (1) (H2btm = di(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)methane),
allowing to detect at real time, with a high selectivity and ultra-sensitivity,
14 different volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hazardous gases
(HGs), in particular amines, which are detected very quickly (<2
min) with very high sensitivity (0.58 ppm for ammonia (NH3), 0.62 ppm for hydrazine (NH2–NH2),
0.45 ppm for isobutylamine, and 0.71 ppm for diethylamine). The detection
is accompanied by significant and fast color changes detectable by
the naked eye at ambient conditions. In addition, different VOCs could
be distinguished by simple and intuitive standard chemometric means
using a handful smartphone-based analytical method, offering a large
color panel depending on the detected molecules. The crystal lattice
of 1 reconstructs after adsorbing VOCs vapors, reconstruction
that is accompanied by a spin state and a color change. In addition
to its high thermal stability (up to 170 °C), the colorimetric
sensor showed excellent reusability by consecutive 7 cycles of adsorption–desorption.
It operates at ambient conditions, is low cost, environmentally friendly,
and easy to use, and shows excellent and fast detection performances.
Such features offer attractive prospects for 1, which
could be used for in-field detection and food safety control in environmental
conditions.