Colorectal Cancer Screening in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases—Can Characterization of GI Microbiome Signatures Enhance Neoplasia Detection?

Pratt, Molly; Forbes, Jessica D.; Knox, Natalie; Domselaar, Gary Van; Bernstein, Çharles N.

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2021.12.287

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Together, all these data strongly support the promising role of microbiome-based CRC diagnostics. In the future, identifying disease-specific microbiome signatures for both IBD and CRC, together with metagenomics sequencing and other culture-independent technologies, may be helpful for personalised, early, and noninvasive CRC screening in IBD patients [ 36 ].…”

Section: The Role Of the Intestinal Barrier In Colorectal Cancer Deve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation-Driven Colorectal Cancer Associated with Colitis: From Pathogenesis to Changing Therapy

Nardone¹,

Zammarchi

Santacroce

et al. 2023

Cancers

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Patients affected by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a two-fold higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) than the general population. IBD-related CRC follows a different genetic and molecular pathogenic pathway than sporadic CRC and can be considered a complication of chronic intestinal inflammation. Since inflammation is recognised as an independent risk factor for neoplastic progression, clinicians strive to modulate and control disease, often using potent therapy agents to achieve mucosal healing and decrease the risk of colorectal cancer in IBD patients. Improved therapeutic control of inflammation, combined with endoscopic advances and early detection of pre-cancerous lesions through surveillance programs, explains the lower incidence rate of IBD-related CRC. In addition, current research is increasingly focused on translating emerging and advanced knowledge in microbiome and metagenomics into personalised, early, and non-invasive CRC screening tools that guide organ-sparing therapy in IBD patients. This review aims to summarise the existing literature on IBD-associated CRC, focusing on new insights into the alteration of the intestinal barrier and the interactions with the gut microbiome as the initial promoter. In addition, the role of OMIC techniques for precision medicine and the impact of the available IBD therapeutic armamentarium on the evolution to CRC will be discussed.

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Section: The Role Of the Intestinal Barrier In Colorectal Cancer Deve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammation-Driven Colorectal Cancer Associated with Colitis: From Pathogenesis to Changing Therapy

Nardone¹,

Zammarchi

Santacroce

et al. 2023

Cancers

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“…Dectin-1, encoded by the Clec7a gene, is known to play important roles in host defence against fungi and immune homoeostasis in the intestine and will likely be a therapeutic target in the future (Tang et al 2023 ). Therefore, the assessment of fungal-related biomarkers may also help identify risk factors for CRC in combination with other non-invasive examination methods (Pratt et al 2022 ).…”

Section: Fungi and Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of fungi in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer

Li,

Luo,

Wang

et al. 2023

Mycology

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent tumour with high morbidity rates worldwide, and its incidence among younger populations is rising. Early diagnosis of CRC can help control the associated mortality. Fungi are common microorganisms in nature. Recent studies have shown that fungi may have a similar association with tumours as bacteria do. As an increasing number of tumour-associated fungi are discovered, this provides new ideas for the diagnosis and prognosis of tumours. The relationship between fungi and colorectal tumours has also been recently identified by scientists. Therefore, this paper describes the limitations and prospects of the application of fungi in diagnosing CRC and predicting CRC prognosis.

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“…67 Furthermore, pioneering works are linking changes in the intestinal microbiota to specific diseases and in particular CRC. 68 Presence of certain bacterial species has been consistently associated with CRC and CRC in IBD. Potential implications are numerous and include tailoring surveillance on individual risk and allowing noninvasive early diagnosis.…”

Section: Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Image-Enhanced Endoscopy Surveillance of Colon and Pouch Dysplasia in IBD

Parigi

Nardone

Iacucci

2022

Diseases of the Colon &Amp; Rectum

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BACKGROUND: Patients with longstanding ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s colitis are at risk for developing colorectal cancer and need regular endoscopic surveillance to detect and remove precursor lesions. To do so, different technologies are available. DATA SOURCES: The sources are observational and controlled studies, meta-analysis, and expert consensus articles available on PubMed. STUDY SELECTION: The selected materials include articles reporting outcomes of and recommendations on endoscopic surveillance and resection of dysplasia in the gastrointestinal tract, including the ileoanal pouch and the anal transition zone, in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Incidence and detection rate of dysplasia and cancer with different endoscopic techniques in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. RESULTS: Risk of cancer is proportional to the duration and extent of the disease, and surveillance interval should be tailored on the individual risk in a range of 1 to 5 years. High-definition imaging and virtual chromoendoscopy have improved the detection of dysplasia and are now comparable with conventional dye spray chromoendoscopy. After restorative proctocolectomy with ileoanal pouch, the risk of cancer is modest, but its high mortality warrants endoscopic surveillance. The evidence to guide pouch surveillance is limited, and recently, the first expert consensus provided a framework of recommendations, which include an initial assessment 1 year after surgery and follow-up depending on individual risk factors. LIMITATIONS: The limitation includes scarcity of data on ileoanal pouch surveillance. CONCLUSIONS: Virtual chromoendoscopy and high-definition imaging have improved endoscopic surveillance, and more progress is expected with the implementation of artificial intelligence systems.

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Colorectal Cancer Screening in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases—Can Characterization of GI Microbiome Signatures Enhance Neoplasia Detection?

Cited by 13 publications

References 92 publications

Inflammation-Driven Colorectal Cancer Associated with Colitis: From Pathogenesis to Changing Therapy

Inflammation-Driven Colorectal Cancer Associated with Colitis: From Pathogenesis to Changing Therapy

The role of fungi in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer

Image-Enhanced Endoscopy Surveillance of Colon and Pouch Dysplasia in IBD

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