Colorectal cancer risk factors in asymptomatic Chilean population: a survey of international collaboration between Japan and Chile

Abstract

In Chile, the mortality from colorectal cancer has been on the rise. A national screening program based on a fecal immunochemical test was started in 2012 as an international collaboration with Japan. This case-control study was designed to identify the risk factors for colorectal cancer, with a goal of increasing the participation rate for colorectal cancer screening. In accordance with the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines, we conducted a case-control study from 2012 to 2017; 23 845 asymptomatic participants were enrolled in the study. Participants who were fecal immunochemical test-positive or had a family history of colorectal cancer underwent a colonoscopy. We analyzed the odds ratio of the risk factors for colorectal cancer, including sex, age, family history, BMI, hypertension, diabetes, regular use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, and daily intake of certain food items. For the screening program, 202 cases of colorectal cancer were detected, and 195 of them were evaluated pathologically after resection. Of these, 173 cases (88.7%) had colorectal cancer stage 0/1, 151 (77.4%) of which were treated with endoscopic resection. In the multivariate analysis, male sex, family history of colorectal cancer, and low intake of cereals or fibers were closely related to a high colorectal cancer incidence. Moreover, participants in their 60s and 70s had a higher incidence of colorectal cancer than those in their 50s. These results suggest that intensive screening of the high-risk population can help in improving the detection of colorectal cancer, whereas higher consumption of cereals or fibers can be effective in preventing its onset.

Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer

“…In a case–control study conducted on asymptomatic counting, over 23,000 participants of a Chilean population who had positive FIT results or a family history of CRC underwent a colonoscopy. According to this study, male sex, a positive family history, dietary habits (low intake of fibres and/or cereals) and older age (seventh and eighth decade of life) were the main risk factors of CRC [ 329 ].…”

Test de sangre oculta en deposiciones para programas de cribado de cáncer colorrectal: actualización

“…Considerando el aumento del CCR en Chile y las limitaciones económicas que existen para implementar un programa de cribado, la Unidad de Coloproctología de Clínica Las Condes, junto a Tokyo Medical and Dental University de Japón y al Ministerio de Salud de Chile desarrollaron un Programa de Prevención de Neoplasias Colorrectales (PRENEC) para población asintomática usuaria del sistema público de salud. El programa cuenta con un protocolo de seguimiento a los participantes además de instancias de educación con lo cual obtuvo una adherencia mayor a la reportada por experiencias internacionales 10,15,77,78 . Como resultado de los 5 primeros años de este programa de cribado con el test inmunológico OC-sensor se logró una adherencia de 92% al test con 26.444 pacientes asintomáticos enrolados.…”

“…Como resultado de los 5 primeros años de este programa de cribado con el test inmunológico OC-sensor se logró una adherencia de 92% al test con 26.444 pacientes asintomáticos enrolados. Se obtuvo un 15,1% de pacientes con test inmunológico positivo en los cuales se logró identificar 46,8% de pacientes con adenomas o adenocarcinomas y una tasa de detección de cáncer de 4,61% 78 . La alta detección de adenomas de alto riesgo y cáncer apoya la conveniencia de realizar estos programas de cribado en el país.…”

The p53 Pathway Related Genes Predict the Prognosis of Colon Cancer

“…Because patients with early colon cancer have no symptoms and the risk groups are not taken seriously, most colon cancer patients are already at an advanced stage when they are diagnosed. 1 Therefore, the discovery of more new therapeutic targets is essential for the treatment of colon cancer.…”