Colorectal Cancer Incidence Trends by Age, Stage, and Racial/Ethnic Group in California, 1990–2014

Ellis, Libby; Abrahão, Renata; McKinley, Meg; Yang, Juan; Somsouk, Ma; Marchand, Loı̈c Le; Cheng, Iona; Gomez, Scarlett Lin; Shariff‐Marco, Salma

doi:10.1158/1055-9965.epi-18-0030

Cited by 46 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Currently, Hispanics are the largest and one of the fastest growing minority populations in the U.S. (United States Census Bureau, 2019a; United States Census Bureau, 2019b). While CRC incidence and mortality have decreased in all racial and ethnic groups over the past two decades, the decline has been less notable for Hispanics (Ashktorab et al, 2017;Ellis et al, 2018;Garcia et al, 2018). Mortality from CRC dropped by 15.1% among non-Hispanic Whites from 2000 to 2011 but by only 5.9% among Hispanics (Barzi et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the general U.S. population, factors associated with CRC screening uptake include age, health care access, nativity, level of education, language, socioeconomic factors, insurance status, overall health, and provider practices (American Cancer Society, 2017; Ellis et al, 2018;Singh and Jemal, 2017;Walter et al, 2009;Suzuki et al, 2015;Buscemi et al, 2017;Stanley et al, 2013). While several studies have explored the relative contribution of these factors to screening uptake at the population-level, fewer have explored the role of factors that impact CRC screening uptake among Hispanics specifically.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colorectal cancer screening among Hispanics in the United States: Disparities, modalities, predictors, and regional variation

Viramontes

Bastani

Yang

et al. 2020

Preventive Medicine

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Hispanics represent the largest and one of the fastest growing minority populations in the U.S. and have lower survival from colorectal cancer (CRC) than non-Hispanic Whites (NHW). We aimed to examine screening modalities, predictors, and regional disparities among Hispanics and NHW in the U.S. by conducting a crosssectional analysis of Hispanic participants age 50 to 75 from the 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. The primary outcome was self-reported CRC screening status. We used the Rao-Scott Chi-square test to compare screening rates and modalities in NHWs and Hispanics. We also used univariable and multivariable logistic regression to determine predictors of screening among Hispanics and calculated Hispanic-NHW screening rate differences for each U.S. state/territory as a measure of regional screening disparities. The screening rate was 53.4% for Hispanics (N = 12,395), compared to 70.4% for NHWs (N = 186,331) (p < 0.001). Among Hispanics, colonoscopy was most common (75.9%). Uninsured status (aOR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.38-0.70) and limited access to medical care (aOR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.29-0.49) predicted lack of screening. States/territories with the largest screening disparities were North Carolina (33.9%), Texas (28.3%), California (25.1%), and Nebraska (25.6%). Disparities were smallest in New York (2.6%), Indiana (3.1%), and Delaware (4.0%). In Ohio and Guam, Hispanics had higher screening rates than NHWs. In conclusion, Hispanics have lower CRC screening rates than NHWs across most U.S. states/territories; however, the disparity varies by region. Future efforts must address multi-level barriers to screening among Hispanics and target regions with low rates to improve CRC outcomes in this growing population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorectal cancer screening among Hispanics in the United States: Disparities, modalities, predictors, and regional variation

Viramontes

Bastani

Yang

et al. 2020

Preventive Medicine

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“…9 Increasing rates of young-onset CRC have attracted substantial research and media attention, but we know little about racial disparities in this population. Few studies 6,[10][11][12] have examined racial differences in incidence by anatomic subsite (colon vs rectum) or the corresponding implications for survival, which could mask important differences in disease burden and etiology between whites and blacks. Examining racial disparities in incidence and survival provides important insight concerning differences in risk factors, access to care, and treatment effectiveness.…”

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confidence: 99%

Racial Disparities in Incidence of Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer and Patient Survival

et al. 2019

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From 1992-1996 [ ] to 2010-2014 [ ], increases in young-onset colorectal cancer have been largely due to increases in rectal cancer, especially in whites. In the most time recent period, blacks and whites have similar incidence and survival of rectal cancer, a sharp contrast to the striking disparities in colon cancer. 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Whites, rectum Blacks, rectum Whites, distal colon Blacks, distal colon Whites, proximal colon Blacks, proximal colon Incidence per 100,000 Five-year relative survival (%) See editorial on page 858. BACKGROUND & AIMS: Increasing rates of young-onset colorectal cancer (CRC) have attracted substantial research and media attention, but we know little about racial disparities among younger adults with CRC. We examined racial disparities in young-onset CRC by comparing CRC incidence and relative survival among younger (<50-year-old) adults in 2 time periods. METHODS: Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program of cancer registries, we estimated CRC incidence rates (per 100,000 persons 20-49 years old) from 1992 through 2014 for different periods (1992-1996 vs 2010-2014) and races (white vs black). Relative survival was calculated as the ratio of observed survival to expected survival in a comparable cancer-free population. RESULTS: From 1992-1996 to 2010-2014, CRC incidence increased from 7.5 to 11.0 per 100,000 in white individuals and from 11.7 to 12.7 per 100,000 in black individuals. The increase in rectal cancer was larger in whites (from 2.7 to 4.5 per 100,000) than in blacks (from 3.4 to 4.0 per 100,000); in the 2010-2014 period, blacks and whites had similar rates of rectal cancer. Compared with whites, blacks had smaller increases in relative survival with proximal colon cancer but larger increases in survival with rectal cancer (from 55.3% to 70.8%). CONCLUSION: In an analysis of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database, we found racial disparities in incidence of young-onset CRC and patient survival for cancer of the colon but minimal difference for rectal cancer. Well-documented and recent increases in young-onset CRC have largely been due to increases in rectal cancer, especially in whites.

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“…While the adoption of population-based screening is a positive step toward reducing CRC-related mortality, screening uptake is not universal and is generally only available between the ages of 50-75 [10]. A considerable number of patients with CRC are either not eligible or do not participate in screening, likely only being diagnosed once the disease is more advanced [16]. Uptake rates of stool-based screening have been reported at 41-57%, and research suggests that there is a patient preference for blood tests compared to faecal-based screening [17][18][19].…”

Section: Crc Diagnosis and Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulating Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Early Colorectal Cancer—A Review

Desmond

Dennett

Danielson

2019

Cancers

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the developed world, with global deaths expected to double in the next decade. Disease stage at diagnosis is the single greatest prognostic indicator for long-term survival. Unfortunately, early stage CRC is often asymptomatic and diagnosis frequently occurs at an advanced stage, where long-term survival can be as low as 14%. Circulating microRNAs encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs) have recently come to prominence as novel diagnostic markers for cancer. EV-miRNAs are dysregulated in the circulation of CRC patients compared to healthy controls, and several specific miRNA candidates have been posited as diagnostic markers, including miR-21, miR-23a, miR-1246, and miR-92a. This review outlines the current landscape of EV-miRNAs as potential diagnostic markers for CRC, with a specific focus on those able to detect early stage disease.

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Colorectal Cancer Incidence Trends by Age, Stage, and Racial/Ethnic Group in California, 1990–2014

Cited by 46 publications

References 38 publications

Colorectal cancer screening among Hispanics in the United States: Disparities, modalities, predictors, and regional variation

Colorectal cancer screening among Hispanics in the United States: Disparities, modalities, predictors, and regional variation

Racial Disparities in Incidence of Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer and Patient Survival

Circulating Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Early Colorectal Cancer—A Review

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