Colorectal Cancer Incidence Among Female Textile Workers in Shanghai, China: A Case-cohort Analysis of Occupational Exposures

Abstract

Previous studies have suggested increased risks of colorectal cancers among textile industry workers, potentially related to synthetic fibers. To investigate risks of colon and rectum cancers in relation to these and other textile industry exposures, we conducted a case-cohort study nested within a cohort study of female employees from the Shanghai Textile Industry Bureau (STIB). Cox proportional hazard regression modeling was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for colon and rectum cancers associated with duration of employment (e.g., 0, >0 to <10, 10 to <20 years, > or =20 years) in various jobs classified according to process type and exposures to specific agents. Our findings indicate that certain long term exposures may pose increased risk of colorectal cancers, especially dyes and dye intermediates with colon cancer (> or =20 years exposure versus never, HR=3.9; 95% CI: 1.4-10.6), and maintenance occupation (HR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.0-5.7) and metals exposure (HR = 2.0; 95% CI: 1.1-3.6) with rectum cancer. A decreased risk of rectum cancer was associated with exposure to natural fibers such as cotton (HR = 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-0.9), and a trend of decreasing rectum cancer incidence was observed by category of cumulative quantitative cotton dust or endotoxin exposures, when exposures were lagged by 20 years.

Social inequalities in the incidence and case fatality of cancers of the lung, the stomach, the bowels, and the breast

“…In the analysis presented above, the social gradients were different from stomach cancer since only income was associated with increased incidence, but not with occupational position. This finding is in line with the inconsistent evidence on the associations with occupational hazards [50,51]. Again the social gradients found in our data are consistent with some earlier studies, but this does not hold for case fatalities [5,11].…”

Câncer relacionado ao trabalho: uma revisão sistemática

“…Um estudo do tipo caso-controle aninhado realizado na China verificou um aumento no risco de câncer de cólon em trabalhadoras da indústria têxtil expostos por um longo período (20 anos ou mais) a corantes 20 . Outro estudo encontrou um aumento no risco de câncer de cólon em trabalhadores aeroespaciais expostos à hidrazina 21 .…”

“…Novos estudos tem reportado um aumento no risco de leucemia e mieloma múltiplo em trabalhadores da indústria de petróleo expostos a benzeno [58][59][60] . Trabalhadores agrícolas expostos a agrotóxicos, principalmente os herbicidas e os fungicidas, têm apresentado um risco aumentado para o desenvolvimento de linfoma não-Hodgkin e mieloma múltiplo 20,[61][62][63][64] . Alguns estudos têm apontado um aumento no risco de linfoma não-Hodgkin em trabalhadores expostos a solventes como o tolueno e o tricloroetileno 65,66 .…”

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“…Reactive dyes are extensively used in textile industry, fundamentally due to the ability of their reactive groups to bind textile fibers by covalent bond formation [11]. To detect any adverse effects of textile dyes, tests for mutagenicity [12], genotoxicity [13], carcinogenicity [14] and teratogenicity [15] have been conducted. Conventionally textile industry wastewater is treated through biological, physical and chemical methods [16,17].…”