Colorectal Cancer in India: An Iceberg Analysis From North India

Abstract

Colon and rectal cancers share many environmental risk factors and are both found in individuals with specific genetic syndromes. Carcinomas are rare before the age of 40 years except in individuals with genetic predisposition or predisposing conditions such as chronic inflammatory bowel disease. The incidence is increasing in Indian scenario, therefore there is need to study the disease behaviour, presentations and prognostic factors. AIMSTo analyse various histological parameters of colorectal carcinoma and to correlate these parameters with each other and with Ki-67 wherever available. MATERIAL AND METHODSA total of 200 colectomy done for colorectal carcinoma and received in the Department of Pathology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital during 4-year period were analysed with reference to Histological subtype, grade, stage and correlated these parameters and with Ki-67 wherever available. RESULTSMean age of presentation of patients with colon carcinoma was 54.2±14.2years with male female ratio being 1.8:1. Rectosigmoid colon was the commonest site of tumor followed by caecum. Adenocarcinoma NOS with moderate differentiation was the commonest histological subtype. Most common T, N and M stage of presentation was T3, N0 and M0 respectively. Features associated with higher stage were young age, male sex, left sided tumors, signet ring cell & mucinous subtypes, higher grade, infiltrative tumor margins, no lymphocytic response at the advancing edges. MIB 1 labelling index was higher in Stage II patients. CONCLUSIONColorectal carcinomas are less common in Indian population however the incidence is increasing. Therefore the pathologist and clinicians must be aware of precursor lesions and prognostic factors to diagnose and treat the colorectal carcinomas at early stage.

A Study on the Clinicopathological Profile of the Cases of Colorectal Carcinoma

“…In our study, most of the tumours were moderately differentiated (56.86%) and this is in concordance with the study by Narang et al [17].…”