Coloration Related to Nanostructure of Yttria-Stabilized Cubic Zirconia Single Crystal Implanted with Ag Ions

Abstract

The magnetic field effects on the thermodynamic properties of chemical reactions were systematically studied. In the formulation, the chemical influence of magnetic fields due to magnetostatic energy was represented by the magneto-chemical potential for each component and the magnetic free energy change per unit reaction. Then the general formulae were derived for the magnetic field-induced changes in the equilibrium constant and the heat, free energy and entropy of reaction. In the calculation, the general formulae were applied to a ferromagnetic metal-hydrogen reaction and the magnetic field effects were numerically evaluated for two reactions in the single system LaCo 5 -H 2 . In the experiment, the magnetic field effects were observed by applying high magnetic fields of 10-30 T to the system LaCo 5 -H 2 . The observed results agreed qualitatively and quantitatively with the corresponding calculated ones. This study resolved the issue of the thermodynamic effects of magnetic fields on chemical reactions.

Photoluminescence study on irradiated yttria stabilized zirconia

“…These circular spots could result from formation and clustering of near surface AgO or Ag 2 O particles. As reported by Fujita et al [37], implantation of 1.5 MeV Ag + ions at 10 16 ions/cm 2 fluence followed by annealing at 1000°C leads to formation of Ag nano crystals. In present case no annealing was done and the circular spots were mostly in the micron range hence it was presumed that the spots could correspond to AgO or Ag 2 O clusters.…”

Ag(Ag2O)–ZrO2–Y2O3 photosensitive composites: influence of synthesized routes on structure and properties

“…In practice, composite materials containing Ag NPs and oxide (NPs or matrix) are created by a variety of methods; for example low-energy ion beam deposition, sol-gel, direct metal implanting, light ion irradiation of an ion exchange oxide matrix, evaporation-condensation, using a very exotic leaf extract assisted bioreduction process, and other methods. [4][5][6][7] Usually, mono-or polycrystalline oxide particles and films are used as substrates (or matrix) for the implantation of metals to the oxides for the creation of composite materials. 4,5,7,8 The usage of energy in the technology of creating metal/oxide can lead to significant changing in the surface state and lattice of the modified oxide.…”

“…[4][5][6][7] Usually, mono-or polycrystalline oxide particles and films are used as substrates (or matrix) for the implantation of metals to the oxides for the creation of composite materials. 4,5,7,8 The usage of energy in the technology of creating metal/oxide can lead to significant changing in the surface state and lattice of the modified oxide. Thus, the authors 9 showed that irradiation of cubic zirconia monocrystal by noble metal ions led to incorporation of ions into crystals with a penetration thickness up to 1.5 μm and to form a complex of noble metal with Zr ions of the crystal lattice.…”

Stability-Inspired Entrapment of Ag Nanoparticles in ZrO2 Thin films

“…Another approach that needs to be exploited is direct entrapment of Ag nanoparticles through Bsoaking^of porous film into a solution containing metal nanoparticles. Using soaking approach, Ag + ions have been transferred in preformed TiO 2 [16] and SiO 2 [17][18][19] films/monoliths, by keeping preformed matrices into solution of Ag salt. However, the nanocomposites were only formed when transfer of Ag + ions was followed either by ultraviolet radiation [16], ultrasonication [18], γ-irradiation [19], or thermal decomposition [17,20].…”

“…Using soaking approach, Ag + ions have been transferred in preformed TiO 2 [16] and SiO 2 [17][18][19] films/monoliths, by keeping preformed matrices into solution of Ag salt. However, the nanocomposites were only formed when transfer of Ag + ions was followed either by ultraviolet radiation [16], ultrasonication [18], γ-irradiation [19], or thermal decomposition [17,20]. Since, post-deposition treatments, sometime may have adverse effects due to oxidation of Ag or sometimes dissociation of Ag out of the matrix [12], it is highly desirable to look out a process which can enable entrapment of Ag nanoparticles in dielectric matrices without any post deposition treatments.…”