Colorado Flora: Western Slope

Weber, William A.; Wittmann, Ronald C.

doi:10.5876/9781607321439.02

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…Stellaria irrigua was described in 1835 from the Altai Mountains of southern Siberia. All modern floristic treatments of the southern Rocky Mountains have recognized S. irrigua as a species that additionally inhabits alpine scree habitats present in southern portions of the southern Rocky Mountains (e.g., Douglas, ; Weber & Wittmann, ; Ackerfield, ). Other authors have, however, expressed skepticism as to whether populations in these two geographically disparate areas are in fact conspecific (Kozhevnikov, ; Morton, ), and the Flora of China considers S. irrigua to be Asian only (Shilong & Rabeler, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAD sequencing rejects a long‐distance disjunction in Stellaria (Caryophyllaceae) and yields support for a new southern Rocky Mountains endemic

Sharples

Tripp

2019

TAXON

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Whereas the eastern North American-eastern Asian floristic connection represents one of the most widely studied biogeographical relationships in flowering plant evolution, connections between western North America and Asia have been comparatively rarely investigated, especially through genetic approaches. Stellaria irrigua is one of several plants that has been treated as an exceptionally dramatic example of a disjunction between floristically similar, high alpine biotas of the southern Rocky Mountains and south-central Siberia. We here employ numerous new field collections and ddRADseq data to test the hypothesis that S. irrigua-a species that has been known for over 180 years-represents a long-distance disjunction between the southern Rocky Mountains and central Asia. Extensive fieldwork, review and perusal of herbarium materials, and phylogenomic analyses indicate that S. irrigua is broadly distributed across an amphi-Beringian arc extending from southern and central Asia, east through Beringia, and south throughout mountainous regions of western North America. Sampled Asian populations formed two clades, and North American individuals all formed a clade embedded within this broader Asian lineage. Stellaria irrigua is, however, rendered non-monophyletic by a lineage that is embedded within the North American populations and is ecologically and morphologically distinctive from S. irrigua. The identity of this newly recognized lineage, which was in prior works attributed to S. irrigua, has been confused since plants of the former were first collected in the San Juan Mountains of Colorado in the late 1800s under Arenaria and Alsine. We provide a new name for this taxon, Stellaria sanjuanensis, a charismatic starwort of dry alpine scree slopes of the southern Rocky Mountains. Additionally, two lectotypes are designated, one holotype and one isotype are identified, and two new synonymies are proposed, to help stabilize the taxonomy and nomenclature of this long-confused species complex. A key to the starworts of the southern Rocky Mountains is also provided, and Stellaria alsine is reported as new to the region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RAD sequencing rejects a long‐distance disjunction in Stellaria (Caryophyllaceae) and yields support for a new southern Rocky Mountains endemic

Sharples

Tripp

2019

TAXON

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“…The differential response of forbs is less obvious, but appears quite important for RMNP wetlands. We estimate this metric as the absolute cover of native forbs in a sample, with nativity and life‐form as determined by Weber and Wittmann ().…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using structural equation modeling to link human activities to wetland ecological integrity

et al. 2016

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Abstract. The integrity of wetlands is of global concern. A common approach to evaluating ecological integrity involves bioassessment procedures that quantify the degree to which communities deviate from historical norms. While helpful, bioassessment provides little information about how altered conditions connect to community response. More detailed information is needed for conservation and restoration. We have illustrated an approach to addressing this challenge using structural equation modeling (SEM) and long-term monitoring data from Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP). Wetlands in RMNP are threatened by a complex history of anthropogenic disturbance including direct alteration of hydrologic regimes; elimination of elk, wolves, and grizzly bears; reintroduction of elk (absent their primary predators); and the extirpation of beaver. More recently, nonnative moose were introduced to the region and have expanded into the park. Bioassessment suggests that up to half of the park's wetlands are not in reference condition. We developed and evaluated a general hypothesis about how human alterations influence wetland integrity and then develop a specific model using RMNP wetlands. Bioassessment revealed three bioindicators that appear to be highly sensitive to human disturbance (HD): (1) conservatism, (2) degree of invasion, and (3) cover of native forbs. SEM analyses suggest several ways human activities have impacted wetland integrity and the landscape of RMNP. First, degradation is highest where the combined effects of all types of direct HD have been the greatest (i.e., there is a general, overall effect). Second, specific HDs appear to create a "mixed-bag" of complex indirect effects, including reduced invasion and increased conservatism, but also reduced native forb cover. Some of these effects are associated with alterations to hydrologic regimes, while others are associated with altered shrub production. Third, landscape features created by historical beaver activity continue to influence wetland integrity years after beavers have abandoned sites via persistent landforms and reduced biomass of tall shrubs. Our model provides a system-level perspective on wetland integrity and provides a context for future evaluations and investigations. It also suggests scientifically supported natural resource management strategies that can assist in the National Park Service mission of maintaining or, when indicated, restoring ecological integrity "unimpaired for future generations."

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“…Характерними для триби морфологічними ознаками є замкнені майже по всій довжині піхви листків, волотеподібні (іноді китицеподібні) суцвіття, а також переважно двозубчасті на верхівці нижні квіткові луски (Garcke, 1972;Tzvelev, 1976;Sljussarenko, 1977;Smith, 1985;Pavlick, Anderton, 2007). У світовій флорі три-ба налічує до 400 видів (Pavlick, Anderton, 2007) й за різних підходів до інтерпретації обсягу надвидових груп від одного роду Bromus L. у широкому розумінні (Stebbins, 1981;Smith, 1985;Saarela et al, 2014) до семи родів у вузькому розумінні (Tzvelev, 1976(Tzvelev, , 2006Shaw, Montgomery, 2011;Weber, Wittmann, 2011). У межах Bromus s. l. виділяють низку таксонів рангу секції та / або підроду (Stebbins, 1981;Smith, 1985;Saarela et al, 2014).…”

unclassified

“…(Sljussarenko, 1977). У номенклатурному зведенні для території України (Bor, 1970;Scholz, 1981;Smith, 1985;Matthei, 1986;Sales, 1993;Petrova, Kožuharov, Ehrendorfer, 1997;Saarela et al, 2007Saarela et al, , 2014, рідше -роду (Tzvelev, 1976(Tzvelev, , 2006Sljussarenko, 1977;Shaw, Montgomery, 2011;Weber, Wittmann, 2011). У цій статті ми розглядаємо рід Bromus у широкому розумінні; на правах секцій до нього включаємо групи, що виділялися як роди Bromus s.…”

unclassified

Untitled

2019

Ukr. Bot. J.

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Colorado Flora: Western Slope

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

RAD sequencing rejects a long‐distance disjunction in Stellaria (Caryophyllaceae) and yields support for a new southern Rocky Mountains endemic

RAD sequencing rejects a long‐distance disjunction in Stellaria (Caryophyllaceae) and yields support for a new southern Rocky Mountains endemic

Using structural equation modeling to link human activities to wetland ecological integrity

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