Color vision and occupational toluene exposure

Campagna, Dave; Stengel, Bénédicte; Mergler, Donna; Limasset, J. C.; Diebold, F.; Michard, Denis; Huel, Guy

doi:10.1016/s0892-0362(01)00163-5

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Solvent abusers are generally exposed to higher levels of toluene than are workers (6,7). Treatment of animals with toluene is known to cause central nervous system injury (3,12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ebselen Protects Against Oxidative and Morphological Effects of High Concentration Chronic Toluene Exposure on Rat Sciatic Nerves

et al. 2006

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Aim: Neuroprotective effects of ebselen against free radical damage have been studied extensively. Toluene generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the toxic effects relating to these reactants. The aim of this study was designed to investigate the effects of chronic toluene inhalation in high concentration on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities and ultrastructural changes in the sciatic nerves of rats.Methods: We also examined the protective effects of ebselen against toluen exposure. Male Wistar albino rats (150-250 g) were divided in three experimental groups: the control, toluene and toluene+ebselen treated group (n=10 for each). Toluene treatment was performed by inhalation of 3000 ppm toluene, in a 8 hr/day and 6 day/week order for 16 weeks. Control group received 1ml serum physiologic and ebselen was given i.p. (10 mg/kg) to toluene+ebselen treated group just after toluene exposure per day. Blood and tissue samples were obtained for biochemical and histopathological investigation. The blood and sciatic nerves were assayed for toluene by gas chromatography.Results: Toluene significantly increased blood and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), but not tissue catalase (CAT) levels when compared with controls. Ebselen administration prevented to increase of blood and tissue MDA and decrease to SOD and GSH-Px levels induced by toluene inhalation. Electron micrographs of sciatic nerve in the toluene group shows myelin destructions with onion-bulb and bubble form protrusion on the myelin sheath and axolemma border of myelinated axons. Furthermore, ebselen salvaged the nerve fibers from toluene exposure.Conclusion: Ebselen treatment may provide neuroprotection against toluene neurotoxicity by directly scavenging ROS and by indirectly augmenting their antioxidant capacity.

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“…Solvent abusers are generally exposed to higher levels of toluene than are workers (6,7). Treatment of animals with toluene is known to cause central nervous system injury (3,12).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Toluene's affinity for the lipid-rich structures of nervous tissue results in CNS toxic effects within minutes (2,6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ebselen Protects Against Oxidative and Morphological Effects of High Concentration Chronic Toluene Exposure on Rat Sciatic Nerves

et al. 2006

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“…Several studies, carried out with animals, reported an uptake of inhaled toluene in blood and brain Crofton et al 1994). Toluene's affinity for the lipid-rich structures of nervous tissue results in CNS toxic effects within minutes Campagna et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of thymoquinone on the neuronal injury in frontal cortex after chronic toluene exposure

Kanter

2010

J Mol Hist

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The aim of this study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of thymoquinone (TQ) on the neuronal injury in the frontal cortex after chronic toluene exposure in rats. The rats were randomly allotted into one of three experimental groups: A (control), B (toluene treated) and C (toluene treated with TQ); each group contain 10 animals. Control group received 1 ml normal saline solution and toluene treatment was performed by inhalation of 3,000 ppm toluene, in a 8 h/day and 6 day/week order for 12 weeks. The rats in TQ treated group was given TQ (50 mg/kg body weight) once a day orally for 12 weeks starting just after toluene exposure. Tissue samples were obtained for histopathological investigation. To date, no histopathological changes of neurodegeneration in the frontal cortex after chronic toluene exposure in rats by TQ treatment have been reported. In this study, the morphology of neurons in the TQ treatment group was well protected. Chronic toluene exposure caused severe degenerative changes, shrunken cytoplasma, severely dilated cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum, markedly swollen mitochondria with degenerated cristae and nuclear membrane breakdown with chromatin disorganization in neurons of the frontal cortex. We conclude that TQ therapy causes morphologic improvement on neurodegeneration in frontal cortex after chronic toluene exposure in rats. We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of TQ may indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment on neurodegeneration after chronic toluene exposure in rats.

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“…Several studies, carried out with animals, reported an uptake of inhaled toluene in blood and brain [2,5]. Toluene's affinity for the lipid-rich structures of nervous tissue results in CNS toxic effects within minutes [2,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of Nigella sativa on the Neuronal Injury in Frontal Cortex and Brain Stem After Chronic Toluene Exposure

Kanter

2008

Neurochem Res

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The goal of this study was designed to evaluate the possible protective effects of Nigella sativa (NS) on the neuronal injury in the frontal cortex and brain stem after chronic toluene exposure in rats. The rats were randomly alotted into one of three experimental groups: A (control), B (toluene treated) and C (toluene treated with NS); each group contain 10 animals. Control group received 1 ml serum physiologic and toluene treatment was performed by inhalation of 3,000 ppm toluene, in a 8 h/day and 6 day/week order for 12 weeks. The rats in NS treated group was given NS (in a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight) once a day orally by using intra gastric intubation for 12 weeks starting just after toluene exposure. Tissue samples were obtained for histopathological investigation. To date, no histopathological changes of neurodegeneration in the frontal cortex and brain stem after chronic toluene exposure in rats by NS treatment have been reported. In this study, chronic toluene exposure caused severe degenerative changes, shrunken cytoplasma, severely dilated cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum, markedly swollen mitochondria with degenerated cristae and nuclear membrane breakdown with chromatin disorganization in neurons of the frontal cortex and brain stem. The nerve cells showing the pathologic changes were almost absent in the NS-treated rats. We conclude that NS therapy causes morphologic improvement on neurodegeneration in frontal cortex and brain stem after chronic toluene exposure in rats. We believe that further preclinical research into the utility of NS may indicate its usefulness as a potential treatment on neurodegeneration after chronic toluene exposure in rats.

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Color vision and occupational toluene exposure

Cited by 47 publications

References 21 publications

Ebselen Protects Against Oxidative and Morphological Effects of High Concentration Chronic Toluene Exposure on Rat Sciatic Nerves

Ebselen Protects Against Oxidative and Morphological Effects of High Concentration Chronic Toluene Exposure on Rat Sciatic Nerves

Protective effects of thymoquinone on the neuronal injury in frontal cortex after chronic toluene exposure

Protective Effects of Nigella sativa on the Neuronal Injury in Frontal Cortex and Brain Stem After Chronic Toluene Exposure

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