Color Superfluidity and “Baryon” Formation in Ultracold Fermions

Rapp, Ákos; Zaránd, Gergely; Honerkamp, Carsten; Hofstetter, Walter

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.98.160405

Cited by 216 publications

(308 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It provides a comprehensive, non-perturbative and thermodynamically consistent approximation scheme for the investigation of finite-dimensional systems (in particular for dimension d = 3), and is particularly useful for the study of problems where perturbative approaches are inapplicable. For this reason the DMFT has now become the standard mean-field theory for fermionic correlation problems, including cold atoms in optical lattices [174][175][176]. The study of models in nonequilib-rium using an appropriate generalization of DMFT has become yet another fascinating new research area [149,[151][152][153][156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166][167][168][169].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Mean-Field Theory

Vollhardt

Byczuk

Kollar

2011

Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences

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Abstract. The dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) is a widely applicable approximation scheme for the investigation of correlated quantum many-particle systems on a lattice, e.g., electrons in solids and cold atoms in optical lattices. In particular, the combination of the DMFT with conventional methods for the calculation of electronic band structures has led to a powerful numerical approach which allows one to explore the properties of correlated materials. In this introductory article we discuss the foundations of the DMFT, derive the underlying self-consistency equations, and present several applications which have provided important insights into the properties of correlated matter. Motivation Electronic CorrelationsAlready in 1937, at the outset of modern solid state physics, de Boer and Verwey [1] drew attention to the surprising properties of materials with incompletely filled 3d-bands. This observation prompted Mott and Peierls [2] to discuss the interaction between the electrons. Ever since transition metal oxides (TMOs) were investigated intensively [3]. It is now well-known that in many materials with partially filled electron shells, such as the 3d transition metals V and Ni and their oxides, or 4f rare-earth metals such as Ce, electrons occupy narrow orbitals. The spatial confinement enhances the effect of the Coulomb interaction between the electrons, making them "strongly correlated". Correlation effects can lead to profound quantitative and qualitative changes of the physical properties of electronic systems as compared to non-interacting particles. In particular, they often respond very strongly to changes in external parameters. This is expressed by large renormalizations of the response functions of the system, e.g., of the spin susceptibility and the charge compressibility. In particular, the interplay between the spin, charge and orbital degrees of freedom of the correlated d and f electrons and with the lattice degrees of freedom leads to an amazing multitude of ordering phenomena and other fascinating properties, including high temperature superconductivity, colossal magnetoresistance and Mott metal-insulator transitions [3].arXiv:1109.4833v1 [cond-mat.str-el]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamical Mean-Field Theory

Vollhardt

Byczuk

Kollar

2011

Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences

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“…The reason is that such a system has already been successfully realized in experiments using atoms of 6 Li and 40 K. At the same time it provides an interesting analogy with quantum chromodynamics (QCD). A recent theoretical analysis suggests that under certain conditions, bound clusters of three atoms may form, being singlets with respect to the global SU(3) symmetry, very much like baryons in QCD [18]. Such a three-flavor atomic Fermi gas thus creates a natural playground for testing properties of quark matter.…”

Section: Three-flavor Degenerate Fermi Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Goldstone bosons in presence of charge density

Brauner

2007

Phys. Rev. D

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We investigate spontaneous symmetry breaking in Lorentz-noninvariant theories. Our general discussion includes relativistic systems at finite density as well as intrinsically nonrelativistic systems. The main result of the paper is a direct proof that nonzero density of a non-Abelian charge in the ground state implies the existence of a Goldstone boson with nonlinear (typically, quadratic) dispersion law. We show that the Goldstone boson dispersion relation may in general be extracted from the current transition amplitude and demonstrate on examples from recent literature, how the calculation of the dispersion relation is utilized by this method. After then, we use the general results to analyze the nonrelativistic degenerate Fermi gas of four fermion species. Due to its internal SU(4) symmetry, this system provides an analog to relativistic two-color quantum chromodynamics with two quark flavors. In the end, we extend our results to pseudo-Goldstone bosons of an explicitly broken symmetry.

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“…By using a di erent fermionic species, or using a recent proposal for tuning the potential range using an electric eld [253], we could simulate neutron matter in the crust of neutron stars up to larger densities [60]. Simulating quantum chromodynamics models, such as color superconductivity models, could also be investigated using Bose-Fermi mixtures [61] or three-component Fermi gases [254,255], the realization of the latter being the subject or current active research [256,257]. Finally, problems of quantum magnetism [258,14] could be addressed using ultracold atoms in optical lattices.…”

Section: Polaron Axial Breathing Modementioning

confidence: 99%