Color flow mapping in obstetrics

Factors influencing the prenatal detection of structural congenital heart diseases

“…The addition of color Doppler mapping may help, especially in outflow tract obstructions. This has been shown to be useful in assisting prenatal diagnosis of CHDs, but its use as a screening tool has not been fully evaluated22–25.…”

Four-Dimensional Ultrasonography of the Fetal Heart Using Color Doppler Spatiotemporal Image Correlation

“…Small VSDs are difficult to diagnose, [8][9][10] and the use of color Doppler ultrasonography has been proposed for improving detection rates. [11][12][13][14][15] Multiplanar analysis of volume data sets acquired with color Doppler STIC ( Figure 3) may help in the diagnosis and evaluation of VSDs for the following reasons: (1) once a good-quality volume of the fetal heart is acquired, the difficulties imposed by fetal movement during real-time scanning are eliminated by working directly with the volume data set; (2) heart structures can be imaged with the use of any desired plane of a section; (3) abnormalities that escaped detection during the conventional 2-dimensional scan may be picked up at the time of volume review; (4) images can be reviewed in slow motion or frame by frame if necessary; and (5) simultaneous visualization of the VSD in 3 orthogonal planes may provide a better representation of spatial location and extent.…”

Fetal Echocardiography: A Review of Six Years Experience

“…both with a 3.5-and 5-MHz transducer and real-time directed Mmode recording facilities. Color-coded Doppler flow mapping was used in 194 fetuses using a Sonotron Vingmed CFM 700 or a Toshiba Sonolayer SSH 65A, whereby ihe Doppler shift is displayed in color during the real-time examination [15][16][17] …”