Color Discrimination and Accuracy of Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring in Type I Diabetic Patients

Sawicki, Peter T.; Karschny, Lothar; Stolpe, Verena; Wolf, Elmar; Berger, Michael

doi:10.2337/diacare.14.2.135

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…45 However, our results, similarly to previous studies, did not show any association between either TCT deficit and duration of diabetes, or the latest glycosylated haemoglobin result. 46 CONCLUSION Diabetic retinopathy is a sight threatening disease where early and effective treatment has been shown to reduce significantly the incidence of blindness. This study has demonstrated the efficacy of an automated TCT test to detect STDR, especially diabetic maculopathy, before visual loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of colour vision as a screening test for sight threatening diabetic retinopathy before loss of vision

Ong

Ripley²,

Newsom

et al. 2003

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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Aim: To assess the effects of sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (STDR) on colour vision and to evaluate automated tritan contrast threshold (TCT) testing for STDR screening before significant visual loss. Method: Patients were recruited from a hospital based photographic screening clinic. All subjects underwent best corrected Snellen visual acuity (BCVA) and those with 20/30 vision or worse were excluded. Automated TCT was performed with a computer controlled, cathode ray tube based technique. The system produced a series of sinusoidal, standardised equiluminant chromatic gratings along a tritan confusion axis. Grading of diabetic retinopathy was made by one of the team of experienced ophthalmic registrars (SpR) using slit lamp biomicroscopy and a 78D lens; HbA 1c and urine albumin were also tested. Results: Patients with STDR had significantly worse TCT despite normal BCVA (p<0.0001). TCT yielded a sensitivity of 100% for detecting diabetic maculopathy and 94% for STDR with a specificity of 95%. Logistic regression analyses showed that TCT (p<0.001) and HbA 1c (p<0.05) correlated significantly with the presence of STDR but duration of diabetes, urine albumin counts, and BCVA failed to show any significant correlation. No associations between TCT and duration of disease, TCT and HbA 1c , and TCT and urine albumin counts were found. Conclusion: Tritan colour vision deficiency was observed in patients with STDR despite their normal BCVA. These results indicate that automated TCT assessment is an effective and clinically viable technique for detecting STDR, particularly diabetic maculopathy, before visual loss.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of colour vision as a screening test for sight threatening diabetic retinopathy before loss of vision

Ong

Ripley²,

Newsom

et al. 2003

British Journal of Ophthalmology

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“…However, there are also studies which have found no predictive value in the FM 100 test results on the test-strip performance. It has been suggested that intensive training in reading the strips would be more important than colour vision acuity [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of diabetics who read incorrectly colour-dependent glucose test-strips

Mäntyjärvi

1992

Doc Ophthalmol

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Forty-eight diabetic patients (82 eyes) were examined with four different colour vision tests and one blood glucose strip-test. The ages of the patients varied from 23 to 65 years (mean 44.3 years +/- 11.4, SD), the duration of diabetes from 13 to 41 years (mean 25.8 +/- 6.2), and the visual acuities from 0.2 to 1.0 (mean 0.8 +/- 0.2). Of the eyes, 77 had had photocoagulation, 25 had small peripheral lens opacities, and 55 had slight background retinopathy. The colour vision tests were: the Standard Pseudoisochromatic Plates part 2 (SPP2), the Lanthony Tritan Album, the Farnsworth Panel D 15 test and the box III of the Farnsworth-Munsell 100 hue (FM 100) test. The blood glucose test was Haemo-Glukotest 1-44. Of the 82 eyes, 38 incorrectly saw Haemo-Glukotest strips. The SPP2 test found 89% of the eyes, the Tritan Album 55%, the Panel D 15 71%, and the box III of the FM 100 test 76%. The strips were correctly interpreted in 44 of the eyes. However, 36% of them failed the SPP2, 16% the Tritan Album, 11% the Panel D 15 test and 18% the box III of the FM 100 test. The Panel D 15 test and the box III of the FM 100 test would be useful in screening those diabetics who cannot correctly interpret the colour-dependent glucose test-strips and would need a blood sugar meter for their blood glucose level testing.

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“…Neural dysfunction and degeneration occur early in the diabetic retina. Distorted color vision in patients with early diabetes was previously reported [ 14 , 15 , 16 ], and dysfunction of the neural retina can be detected in diabetic patients by ERG before any vascular pathologies are detected [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Diabetic patients without DR vascular complications usually have lower ERG amplitudes and longer implicit times than healthy subjects [ 20 ].…”

Section: Overview Of Diabetic Retinopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA-150 (miR-150) and Diabetic Retinopathy: Is miR-150 Only a Biomarker or Does It Contribute to Disease Progression?

Bayless

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a chronic disease associated with diabetes mellitus and is a leading cause of visual impairment among the working population in the US. Clinically, DR has been diagnosed and treated as a vascular complication, but it adversely impacts both neural retina and retinal vasculature. Degeneration of retinal neurons and microvasculature manifests in the diabetic retina and early stages of DR. Retinal photoreceptors undergo apoptosis shortly after the onset of diabetes, which contributes to the retinal dysfunction and microvascular complications leading to vision impairment. Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of diabetes and a contributor to cell apoptosis, and retinal photoreceptors are a major source of intraocular inflammation that contributes to vascular abnormalities in diabetes. As the levels of microRNAs (miRs) are changed in the plasma and vitreous of diabetic patients, miRs have been suggested as biomarkers to determine the progression of diabetic ocular diseases, including DR. However, few miRs have been thoroughly investigated as contributors to the pathogenesis of DR. Among these miRs, miR-150 is downregulated in diabetic patients and is an endogenous suppressor of inflammation, apoptosis, and pathological angiogenesis. In this review, how miR-150 and its downstream targets contribute to diabetes-associated retinal degeneration and pathological angiogenesis in DR are discussed. Currently, there is no effective treatment to stop or reverse diabetes-caused neural and vascular degeneration in the retina. Understanding the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis of DR may shed light for the future development of more effective treatments for DR and other diabetes-associated ocular diseases.

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Color Discrimination and Accuracy of Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring in Type I Diabetic Patients

Abstract: Impaired color vision by itself is no reason to abandon self-monitoring of blood glucose with visually read strips.

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

Assessment of colour vision as a screening test for sight threatening diabetic retinopathy before loss of vision

Assessment of colour vision as a screening test for sight threatening diabetic retinopathy before loss of vision

Screening of diabetics who read incorrectly colour-dependent glucose test-strips

MicroRNA-150 (miR-150) and Diabetic Retinopathy: Is miR-150 Only a Biomarker or Does It Contribute to Disease Progression?

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