Colonization of Skin and Development of Peritonitis Due to Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis

Eisenberg, Edward S.; Ambalu, Miriam; Szylagi, George; Aning, V; Soeiro, Ruy

doi:10.1093/infdis/156.3.478

Cited by 47 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In our study plasmid profiles were found to be unique to coagulase-negative staphylococcal strains from individual patients, and were able to discriminate between body-site strains and peritonitis-associated strains. Recently, Eisenberg et al (1987) have reported similar observations. Phage typing of strains was particularly useful when plasmid profiles could not be obtained and also differentiated body site strains from peritonitis strains.…”

Section: Disctusstonsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…Sixteen patients (73%) were colonized by several different S. haemolyticus strains which were isolated from all body sites predominantly from the groin. A lower prevalence of S. haemolyticus has been reported in some studies (West et al 1986;Eisenberg et al 1987) however Deighton et al (1988) found it to be a common skin colonizer.…”

Section: Disctusstonmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…In some studies strain identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci has been used to evaluate the role of skin colonizers in the development of infection (Archer et al 1984;Eisenberg et al 1987). Eisenberg et al (1987) reported that 'plasmid patterns of coagulase-negative staphylococci demonstrated peritonitisassociated strains usually to be different from isolates cultured from body surfaces'.…”

Section: Disctusstonmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Eisenberg et al (1987) reported that 'plasmid patterns of coagulase-negative staphylococci demonstrated peritonitisassociated strains usually to be different from isolates cultured from body surfaces'. They also found that there was a rapid turnover of individual strains of coagulase-negative staphylococci on the skin of patients undergoing CAPD.…”

Section: Disctusstonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of peritonitis-associated coagulase-negative staphylococci on the skin of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients

et al. 1989

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SUMNIMARYThe predominance of coagulase-negative staphylococci as normal skin flora is thought to be a factor in their association with episodes of peritoinitis in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. We investigated the prevalence of peritonitis-associated strains on the skin of 28 patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most frequently isolated organisms, comprising 47 % of peritoneal dialysis fluid isolates and( 59 % of body site isolates. A total of 142 coagulase-negative staphylococci were speciated, tested for their antimicrobial sensitivity and slime production, an(d identified by phage typing and plasmid-profile analysis. Staphylococctis epidernlidis was the most commonly identified species from both peritoneal dialysis fluid (73 %) and body sites (53 %). Multiple antibiotic resistance was common, and the greater proportion of isolates were resistant to methicillin; 63 6 % of peritoneal dialysis fluid isolates and 61-7 % of body-site isolates. S. haermolyticuus isolates were significantly more resistant to methicillin than other species. By phage typinig all( plasmid-profile analysis it was shown that peritonitis was rarely caused by skinl colonizing strains. In only 3 of 14 patients were peritonitis-associated strains isolated as skin colonizers, and no patients developed peritonitis due to organisms previously isolated as skin colonizers.

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Section: Disctusstonsupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Disctusstonmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Disctusstonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disctusstonmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Prevalence of peritonitis-associated coagulase-negative staphylococci on the skin of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients

et al. 1989

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“…Among the coagulase-negative staphylococci, the most frequently encountered species is S. epidermidis (up to 80% of cases), while S. haemolyticus, S. hominis, S. warneri, and S. capitis each occurred in -<5% of cases (6,7,34,81,150). Only one case of S. lugdunensis has been reported (80).…”

Section: Selected Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological aspects of peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

1992

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The process of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis has provided a useful, relatively inexpensive, and safe alternative for patients with end-stage renal disease. Infectious peritonitis, however, has limited a more widespread acceptance of this technique. The definition of peritonitis in this patient population is not universally accepted and does not always include the laboratory support of a positive culture (or Gram stain). In part, the omission of clinical microbiological findings stems from the lack of sensitivity of earlier microbiological efforts. Peritonitis results from decreased host phagocytic efficiency with depressed phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity of peritoneal macrophages. During episodes of peritonitis, fluid movement is reversed, away from the lymphatics and peritoneal membrane and toward the cavity. As a result, bloodstream infections are rare. Most peritonitis episodes are caused by bacteria. Coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most frequently isolated organisms, usually originating from the skin flora, but a wide array of microbial species have been documented as agents of peritonitis. Clinical microbiology laboratories need to be cognizant of the diverse agents so that appropriate primary media can be used. The quantity of dialysate fluid that is prepared for culture is critical and should constitute at least 10 ml. The sensitivity of the cultural approach depends on the volume of dialysate, its pretreatment (lysis or centrifugation), the media used, and the mode of incubation. The low concentration of microorganisms in dialysate fluids accounts for negative Gram stain results. Prevention of infection in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients is associated with the socioeconomic status of the patient, advances in equipment (catheter) technology, and, probably least important, the application of prophylactic antimicrobial agents.

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Epidemiology of Coagulase‐Negative Staphylococci and Infections Caused by These Organisms

Rogers

Fey

Rupp

2009

Staphylococci in Human Disease

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Colonization of Skin and Development of Peritonitis Due to Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Patients Undergoing Peritoneal Dialysis

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

Prevalence of peritonitis-associated coagulase-negative staphylococci on the skin of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients

Prevalence of peritonitis-associated coagulase-negative staphylococci on the skin of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients

Microbiological aspects of peritonitis associated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Epidemiology of Coagulase‐Negative Staphylococci and Infections Caused by These Organisms

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