Colonization by Alcaligenes xylosoxidans in Children with Cystic Fibrosis: A Retrospective Clinical Study Conducted by Means of Molecular Epidemiological Investigation

Moissenet, Didier; Baculard, A; Valcin, M.; Marchand, Valérie; Tournier, G; Garbarg‐Chenon, Antoine; Vu-Thien, Hoang

doi:10.1093/clinids/24.2.274

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…It is well known that A. xylosoxidans can cross-infect patients (15,19,21,22,25,27,36). In several cases we found strains of Achromobacter with identical sequences at all five MLSA loci.…”

Section: Mlsamentioning

confidence: 56%

Multilocus Sequence Analysis of Isolates of Achromobacter from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Reveals Infecting Species Other than Achromobacter xylosoxidans

2012

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A multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) scheme was developed for characterization of strains and species from the genus Achromobacter, which are increasingly recovered from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Five conserved housekeeping genes were selected for the MLSA, which was applied to a diverse collection of 77 strains originating from Europe, Asia, and South America and including type strains of the seven recognized Achromobacter species, six environmental strains, eight non-CF clinical strains, and 56 CF clinical strains. The discriminatory power of MLSA, based on 2,098 nucleotides (nt), was much superior to a 16S rRNA gene comparison based on 1,309 nt. Congruence was observed between single-gene trees and a concatenated gene tree. MLSA differentiated all seven current Achromobacter species and also demonstrated the presence of at least four novel potential species within the genus. CF isolates were predominantly Achromobacter xylosoxidans (64%), an undescribed Achromobacter species (18%), and Achromobacter ruhlandii (7%). A clone of Achromobacter, which has spread among patients from Danish CF centers in Aarhus and Copenhagen, was identified as Achromobacter ruhlandii. MLSA facilitates the specific identification of isolates of Achromobacter necessary for describing their role in clinical infections.

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“…It is well known that A. xylosoxidans can cross-infect patients (15,19,21,22,25,27,36). In several cases we found strains of Achromobacter with identical sequences at all five MLSA loci.…”

Section: Mlsamentioning

confidence: 56%

Multilocus Sequence Analysis of Isolates of Achromobacter from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Reveals Infecting Species Other than Achromobacter xylosoxidans

2012

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“…Two small single-center studies found that all patients were infected with unique Achromobacter strains (20,21). Conversely, several studies (both single and multicenter) have suggested that shared strains do exist (2,12,18,19,24,25,27,33,(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48), with common strains accounting for 5 to 50% of total Achromobacter infections. Additionally, chronic infection was most commonly due to persistence of the original infecting strain (14,19,45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Outcomes of Achromobacter Species Infections in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: a North American Cohort Study

et al. 2017

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Achromobacter species are increasingly being detected in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, with an unclear epidemiology and impact. We studied a cohort of patients attending a Canadian adult CF clinic who had positive sputum cultures for Achromobacter species in the period from 1984 to 2013. Infection was categorized as transient or persistent (Ն50% positive cultures for 1 year). Those with persistent infection were matched 2:1 with age-, sex-, and time-matched controls without a history of Achromobacter infection, and mixed-effects models were used to assess pulmonary exacerbation (PEx) frequency and lung function decline. Isolates from a biobank were retrospectively assessed, identified to the species level by nrdA sequencing, and genotyped using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Thirty-four patients (11% of those in our clinic), with a median age of 24 years (interquartile range [IQR], 20.3 to 29.8 years), developed Achromobacter infection. Ten patients (29%) developed persistent infection. Persistence did not denote permanence, as most patients ultimately cleared infection, often after years. Patients were more likely to experience PEx at incident isolation than at prior or subsequent visits (odds ratio [OR], 2.7 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.2 to 6.7]; P ϭ 0.03). Following persistent infection, there was no difference in annual lung function decline (Ϫ1.08% [95% CI, Ϫ2.73 to 0.57%] versus Ϫ2.74% [95% CI, Ϫ4.02 to 1.46%]; P ϭ 0.12) or the odds of PEx (OR, 1.21 [95% CI, 0.45 to 3.28]; P ϭ 0.70). Differential virulence among Achromobacter species was not observed, and no cases of transmission occurred. We demonstrated that incident Achromobacter infection was associated with a greater risk of PEx; however, neither transient nor chronic infection was associated with a worsened long-term prognosis. Large, multicenter studies are needed to clarify the clinical impact, natural history, and transmissibility of Achromobacter.

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“…No study was undertaken to establish in how many cases patients were carrying A. xylosoxidans without P. aeruginosa. Also, Tan et al (23) reported that most patients carrying A. xylosoxidans were colonized by P. aeruginosa, and in another study, six of the eight patients with A. xylosoxidans were also colonized with P. aeruginosa (17).…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…xylosoxidans has been recognized as an emerging CF pathogen since one study published in 1985 (14) and later on in several others (3,4,6,7,8). Fabbri et al (7) (19) and the presence of the same strain in two of eight colonized children (17) were reported. Our study revealed two large clusters of patients colonized by the same A. xylosoxidans strains.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared Genotypes of Achromobacter xylosoxidans Strains Isolated from Patients at a Cystic Fibrosis Rehabilitation Center

Daele¹,

Verhelst

Claeys

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

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During a study examining transmission of Pseudomonas aeruginosa among 76 cystic fibrosis patients in a rehabilitation center, where patients stay in close contact during prolonged periods, several clusters of patients carrying genotypically identical P. aeruginosa, as well as two clusters of 4 and 10 patients, respectively, colonized with genotypically identical Achromobacter xylosoxidans strains, were discovered

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Colonization by Alcaligenes xylosoxidans in Children with Cystic Fibrosis: A Retrospective Clinical Study Conducted by Means of Molecular Epidemiological Investigation

Cited by 34 publications

References 0 publications

Multilocus Sequence Analysis of Isolates of Achromobacter from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Reveals Infecting Species Other than Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Multilocus Sequence Analysis of Isolates of Achromobacter from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis Reveals Infecting Species Other than Achromobacter xylosoxidans

Prevalence and Outcomes of Achromobacter Species Infections in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis: a North American Cohort Study

Shared Genotypes of Achromobacter xylosoxidans Strains Isolated from Patients at a Cystic Fibrosis Rehabilitation Center

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