Colonization and use of pine wood versus native wood in New Zealand plantation forest streams: implications for riparian management

Collier, Kevin J.; Smith, Brian J.; Halliday, Jane

doi:10.1002/aqc.599

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…The relatively short duration of wood decomposition experiments in two earlier studies (11,42) and the relatively slow growth of fungi on wood precluded the development of sizeable fungal biomass, while in our study, sticks were of unknown and probably considerable age. Unfortunately, several studies where attempts to estimate fungal biomass on wood have been made either used wood veneers or presented data per unit of wood surface area (7,17,41), and thus, their results are not comparable with our estimates per unit of wood mass/carbon. Clearly, fungal hyphae penetrate several millimeters deep inside wood tissues (V. Gulis, unpublished observation).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Comparison of Fungal Activities on Wood and Leaf Litter in Unaltered and Nutrient-Enriched Headwater Streams

Gulis

Suberkropp

Rosemond

2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Fungi are the dominant organisms decomposing leaf litter in streams and mediating energy transfer to other trophic levels. However, less is known about their role in decomposing submerged wood. This study provides the first estimates of fungal production on wood and compares the importance of fungi in the decomposition of submerged wood versus that of leaves at the ecosystem scale. We determined fungal biomass (ergosterol) and activity associated with randomly collected small wood (<40 mm diameter) and leaves in two southern Appalachian streams (reference and nutrient enriched) over an annual cycle. Fungal production (from rates of radiolabeled acetate incorporation into ergosterol) and microbial respiration on wood (per gram of detrital C) were about an order of magnitude lower than those on leaves. Microbial activity (per gram of C) was significantly higher in the nutrient-enriched stream. Despite a standing crop of wood two to three times higher than that of leaves in both streams, fungal production on an areal basis was lower on wood than on leaves (4.3 and 15.8 g C m ؊2 year ؊1 in the reference stream; 5.5 and 33.1 g C m ؊2 year ؊1 in the enriched stream). However, since the annual input of wood was five times lower than that of leaves, the proportion of organic matter input directly assimilated by fungi was comparable for these substrates ( Terrestrial detritus in the form of leaves and wood is an important carbon and energy source for microorganisms and food webs in freshwaters. Detritus-associated microorganisms also control important processes in aquatic ecosystems, including the uptake and sequestration of dissolved inorganic nutrients (33, 37). Fungi, rather than bacteria, dominate the microbial biomass on coarse particulate organic matter (CPOM), such as leaves and wood in streams, and fungal production on submerged leaves is also greater than that of bacteria (10,14,23,28,56). A recent study suggests that fungal ribotype richness levels (as determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) may be higher than those of bacteria and actinomycetes on submerged leaves (10). Thus, fungi are likely the most important biological driver of processes such as CPOM carbon dynamics and detritus-associated nutrient uptake in headwater streams.Both allochthonous leaf litter and submerged wood in streams harbor diverse communities of fungi, mainly ascomycetes and their anamorphs (hyphomycetes) (see, e.g., references 4, 39, and 51) though chytrids, zygomycetes, and basidiomycetes have also been detected by using molecular techniques (35). Communities can be species rich. For example, more than 200 species from wood in a single river have been reported (51), whereas the diversity of aquatic hyphomycetes that colonize mostly leaves is considerably lower (e.g., see reference 5). Aquatic fungi also show some substrate preferences (13, 22), so leaves and wood harbor different communities that may result in different biomass and activity. While several studies have quantified biomass and production of fungi associate...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Comparison of Fungal Activities on Wood and Leaf Litter in Unaltered and Nutrient-Enriched Headwater Streams

Gulis

Suberkropp

Rosemond

2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…Retention of organic matter in highly disturbed New Zealand streams is characteristically low and associated with low diversity communities dominated by chironomids and mayflies (Winterbourn, 2003). The higher CPOM at R3 was significantly related to the elevated species richness in this study and may have provided important habitat for macroinvertebrates when available (Collier et al, 2004).…”

Section: Longitudinal Hydroecological Patternsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hydroecology of a New Zealand glacier‐fed river: linking longitudinal zonation of physical habitat and macroinvertebrate communities

2010

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In comparison to European glacier-fed catchments, the hydroecology of New Zealand glacier-fed rivers has received limited attention, despite the Southern Alps markedly different maritime climate, a more precipitation dominated flow regime and an endemic species assemblage. This study linked longitudinal patterns of the physicochemical habitat and macroinvertebrate community along a New Zealand glacier-fed river and compared and contrasted these with understanding of European alpine river systems. Habitat variables and benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled over two consecutive summer melt periods at three sites along the Rob Roy stream, a tributary of the Matukituki River, in Mt Aspiring National Park near Wanaka, South Island. Although habitat stability increased downstream from the glacier terminus (Site R1), disturbance remained a limiting factor of macroinvertebrate abundance and species richness at the lower sites (R2 and R3). An average water temperature increase of 2°C over 3Ð3 km (from R1 to R3) was observed downstream with habitat heterogeneity and species richness highest at the downstream site (R3). The ephemeropterans Deleatidium cornutum and Nesameletus dominated at the upper two sites with the chironomids Eukiefferiella and Maoridiamesa, but became co-dominant at R3 with Deleatidium angustum, where other plecopteran and trichopteran taxa were also observed. Distributions were predominantly limited by temperature, thought to be due to adaptation to disturbance observed in taxa of New Zealand alpine streams. However, the plecopteran Zelandobius, although tolerant of cool temperatures, appeared limited to areas and periods when channel stability was higher. Modification of the conceptual model of the longitudinal zonation of macroinvertebrate taxa (Milner et al., 2001a) is proposed to account for the different species assemblage of New Zealand glacier-fed rivers.

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“…Xylophagous elmid beetles (Coleoptera : Elmidae) are responsible for gouging grooves in wood in south-eastern Australian streams, thereby allowing colonisation by other macroinvertebrates and microorganisms, such as algae and fungi (McKie and Cranston 1998). The hardness of wood has also been reported to be an important determinant of community structure, with densities of wood-eating and burrowing invertebrates higher on softer woods compared with harder wood (Magoulick 1998), although other authors (Spänhoff et al 2000;Collier et al 2004) have shown that surface complexity is more important than wood genus in determining macroinvertebrate colonisation. This has implications for our findings because often the timber used in restoration projects is obtained opportunistically, and could be one of several Australian hardwood species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, large lowland rivers have generally been overlooked, although they are often likely to have been affected by submerged woody habitat removal. The importance of wood surface complexity has been consistently reported in many studies documenting the response of invertebrates to wood reintroduction (O'Connor 1991;Magoulick 1998;Collier et al 2004), with greater diversity and richness associated with higher heterogeneity owing to the provision of more microhabitat diversity (O'Connor 1991). Wood hardness has also been reported as an important influence on invertebrate community composition, with softer decaying substrates providing habitat for wood shredders and burrowers as well as substrate for collectors, predators and scrapers (Phillips and Kilambi 1994;Magoulick 1998;Collier and Halliday 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Does wood type influence the colonisation of this habitat by macroinvertebrates in large lowland rivers?

Lyon

Nicol

Lieschke

et al. 2009

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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Abstract. Submerged woody habitat provides the major structure around which ecological processes operate in many lowland rivers. Colonisation by macroinvertebrates was measured in a south-eastern Australian river over a 32-day period in an experiment testing the hypothesis that wood type influences the invertebrate assemblage structure. The wood types were green wood, dry wood, and dry but previously waterlogged wood. All wood used was river red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis). Macroinvertebrates colonised previously waterlogged wood more rapidly than green or dry wood. The assemblage structure varied significantly over the sampling period, with copepods and cladocerans numerically dominating the assemblage during the first few days after the introduction of the wood. The assemblage became more diverse through time and was numerically dominated by dipterans, ephemeropterans and trichopterans. The results indicate that there was little difference in the time taken for macroinvertebrate colonisation after wood introduction when using either green or dry wood. This has implications for large-scale restoration projects, where green wood is likely to be a more readily available option for reintroduction than dry wood.

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Colonization and use of pine wood versus native wood in New Zealand plantation forest streams: implications for riparian management

Cited by 22 publications

References 48 publications

Comparison of Fungal Activities on Wood and Leaf Litter in Unaltered and Nutrient-Enriched Headwater Streams

Comparison of Fungal Activities on Wood and Leaf Litter in Unaltered and Nutrient-Enriched Headwater Streams

Hydroecology of a New Zealand glacier‐fed river: linking longitudinal zonation of physical habitat and macroinvertebrate communities

Does wood type influence the colonisation of this habitat by macroinvertebrates in large lowland rivers?

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