Colonisation Processes

Hughes, Kevin A.; Ott, S.; Bölter, Manfred; Convey, Peter

doi:10.1007/1-4020-5277-4_3

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…Broady and Weinstein 1998;Hodgson et al 2010). The majority of areas of exposed terrestrial ground are isolated, small and island-like (Bergstrom and Chown 1999;Arnold et al 2003;Hughes et al 2006), factors that are important in driving the evolutionary isolation, divergence and high levels of regional endemism that appear to characterise Antarctic biota (Chown and Convey 2007;Pugh and Convey 2008). Even within the McMurdo Dry Valleys of southern Victoria Land, by far the most extensive area of ice-free ground within the continent, studies of microbial and arthropod communities report signals of isolation and divergence within valleys and catchments (McGaughran et al 2008(McGaughran et al , 2010Chan et al 2013).…”

Section: Antarctic Terrestrial Habitats and Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological invasions in terrestrial Antarctica: what is the current status and can we respond?

et al. 2015

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Section: Antarctic Terrestrial Habitats and Biodiversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological invasions in terrestrial Antarctica: what is the current status and can we respond?

et al. 2015

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“…Although many national operators, including SAN-AP, have stringent management procedures in place (de Villiers et al 2006, Davies et al 2007, it is clear that large numbers of propagules are still being transported into the Antarctic region (Cooper et al 2003, Hughes et al 2006, Lewis et al 2006. Therefore, if the flow of alien species into the region is to be halted, an urgent need exists to develop improved mitigation measures.…”

Section: Mitigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breaching the dispersal barrier to invasion: quantification and management

Lee¹,

Chown

2009

Ecological Applications

110

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Abstract. Globalization has resulted in unprecedented movements of people, goods, and alien species across the planet. Although the impacts of biological invasions are widely appreciated, a bias exists in research effort to post-dispersal processes because of the difficulties of measuring propagule pressure. The Antarctic provides an ideal model system in which to investigate propagule movements because of the region's isolation and small number of entry routes. Here we investigated the logistics operations of the South African National Antarctic Programme (SANAP) and quantified the initial dispersal of alien species into the region. We found that over 1400 seeds from 99 taxa are transported into the Antarctic each field season in association with SANAP passenger luggage and cargo. The first ever assessment of propagule drop-off indicated that 30-50% of these propagules will enter the recipient environment. Many of the taxa include cosmopolitan weeds and known aliens in the Antarctic, indicating that logistics operations form part of a globally self-perpetuating cycle moving alien species between areas of human disturbance. In addition, propagules of some taxa native to the Antarctic region were also found, suggesting that human movements may be facilitating intra-regional homogenization. Several relatively simple changes in biosecurity policy that could significantly reduce the threat of introduction of nonnative species are suggested.

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“…In spite of the fact that the exploration of the Antarctica is relatively recent, the problem of the transport and introduction of non-native species by human means has also begun to affect that region and to increase in last years. The simplicity and isolation of Antarctic ecosystems render them more susceptible to alien invasion (Hughes et al 2006). More attention is thus currently being devoted to the phenomenon of both the real and potential introduction of alien organisms to native Antarctic communities (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Timber transported to Antarctica: a potential and undesirable carrier for alien fungi and insects

et al. 2011

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Antarctica's severe climate and its geographical isolation are the factors that hinder the arrival of non-native species by natural means. However, the movement of people and cargo associated with national scientific programs and tourism render Antarctica much more accessible to exotic organisms. Both the transport routes and carriers are varied. The wide range of uses to which timber is put means that it is readily freighted to Antarctic stations. However, it can harbor numerous alien organisms. All the timber materials transported to the ''Arctowski'' station for the 32nd Polish Antarctic Expedition in the 2007/2008 season were scanned as a potential vector for alien species. This study focuses on the non-lichenized fungi and insects which were found on the timber. Four species of perithecia-forming Ascomycota, five species of corticioid and polyporoid Basidiomycota, four unidentified basidiomycetes taxa in form of sterile mycelia, and two insects belonging to Cerambycidae, were detected. Most of these 'hitch-hikers' were connected with the untreated parts of the timber. Their enduring survival in harsh Antarctic conditions is regarded as highly improbable. Nevertheless, some ascocarps frequently contained vital spores, and live insect larvae and imago were found in hibernation. The results also emphasize that such organisms can be accidentally transported to Antarctica and that the elementary rules for the eventual safe transport of noninfected goods should be obeyed and respected.

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Colonisation Processes

Cited by 37 publications

References 97 publications

Biological invasions in terrestrial Antarctica: what is the current status and can we respond?

Biological invasions in terrestrial Antarctica: what is the current status and can we respond?

Breaching the dispersal barrier to invasion: quantification and management

Timber transported to Antarctica: a potential and undesirable carrier for alien fungi and insects

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