Colonic Transit Time and Gut Peptides in Adult Patients with Slow and Normal Colonic Transit Constipation

Riezzo, Giuseppe; Chimienti, Guglielmina; Clemente, Caterina; D’Attoma, Benedetta; Orlando, Antonella; Rinaldi, Caterina Mammone; Russo, Francesco

doi:10.1155/2017/3178263

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Overall, STC appears to be caused by impaired colonic motility and a dysfunctional enteric nervous system [20]. A recent study reported that some GI peptides, particularly neurotensin and motilin, are linked to impaired colonic motility in STC constipation [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Inadequate Bowel Preparation Using Total and Segmental Colon Transit Time in Patients with Chronic Constipation: Some Different Outcomes

Zhai

Huang

Chai

et al. 2019

Gastroenterology Research and Practice

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Aims Radio-opaque markers have been widely used in the study of colon motility in patients with chronic functional constipation (FC). Here, we evaluate the relationship between the colon transit time (CTT) and the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) to determine whether CTT is a sufficient predictor of bowel preparation in patients with chronic functional constipation. Methods A total of fifty-six patients with constipation and fifty-two healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent the colonic transit study using radio-opaque markers and were given a follow-up colonoscopy examination on day 3 to 7 to determine BBPS. The correlation between total and segmental CTT and BBPS was evaluated, and risk factors for predicting inadequate bowel preparation were determined. Results In our study, we found some distinct outcomes compared with previous studies. The mean total CTT (TCTT) was determined to be 43.37 ± 18.82 h in the FC group and 23.08 ± 10.18 h in the HC group. This difference was found to be significant for both the total and segmental CTTs between the two groups (P < 0.05). Further, TCTT was negatively correlated with BBPS both in the FC (r = −0.899, 95% CI -0.748 to -0.925, P < 0.001) and the HC (r = −0.978, 95% CI -0.854 to -1.003, P = 0.004) groups, as was segmental CTTs and segmental BBPS (P < 0.05). In the case of patients with slow transit constipation, multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that prolonged TCTT (OR 0.722, 95% CI 0.589-0.885, P = 0.002) was independently associated with poor bowel preparation. The total and right to left CTTs were found to predict inadequate bowel preparation and exhibited the best sensitivity and specificity at 48.0 h, 15.5 h, 17.5 h, and 19.0 h, based on ROC curve analysis. Conclusions The CTT test represents a valuable method for predicting the level of bowel preparation prior to a colonoscopy examination. That is, both total and segmental CTTs can be considered an objective predictor of bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy. The present study demonstrates some distinct results relative to previous studies, including STC subtype proportion in FC, the proportion of inadequate bowel preparation in the STC subtype, and the cut-off value of TCTT for predicting inadequate bowel preparation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Inadequate Bowel Preparation Using Total and Segmental Colon Transit Time in Patients with Chronic Constipation: Some Different Outcomes

Zhai

Huang

Chai

et al. 2019

Gastroenterology Research and Practice

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“…Neurotensin acts as a neurotransmitter in the CNS and the ENS [41] and as a hormone peripherally. Through paracrine and endocrine mechanisms, it regulates GI secretion and motility [42]. Additionally, neurotensin plays many roles in GI disorders, and all of its properties still have not been clarified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adipose Tissue-Derived Biomarkers of Intestinal Barrier Functions for the Characterization of Diarrhoea-Predominant IBS

et al. 2018

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Background Alterations of the small-intestinal permeability (s-IP) might play an essential role in a subgroup of diarrhoea-predominant IBS (D-IBS) patients. Goals (a) To analyse in D-IBS patients the symptom profile in relation to the altered (+) or not (−) s-IP using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS). (b) To assess the circulating levels of the adipokines IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, leptin, and adiponectin, along with LPS, TLR-4, neurotensin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). The frequency distribution of SNPs at the loci for the investigated molecules and leptin receptor was evaluated. Study The study included 34 D-IBS patients and 17 healthy controls (HC). s-IP permeability was assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography determination in the urine of the lactulose to mannitol ratio. Concentrations of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, LPS, TLR-4, leptin, adiponectin, neurotensin, and BDNF were assayed by ELISA. Screening of genetic variants was done employing the restriction fragment length polymorphism-polymerase chain reaction method. Results D-IBS(−) patients had a significantly higher GSRS cluster pain and diarrhoea profile than D-IBS(+) ones. Significant correlations were found between the symptoms clusters and immune activation and inflammation markers. The levels of adipo(cyto)kines in D-IBS(+) patients were higher than those of controls, and IL-6 levels correlated with those of LPS. Leptin and BDNF were significantly higher, and neurotensin levels were significantly lower in D-IBS(+) than in controls. No differences were found in the frequency distribution of genotypes among the study groups. Conclusions Results from this study could be of some help in the characterization of the D-IBS and highlight the contribution of an altered intestinal barrier in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. Besides, a role could be ascribed to molecules secreted by the visceral adipose tissue that can impact on barrier functions.

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“…Colonic motor activity occurs in high-amplitude propagated contractions compartmentalizing colonic segments which eventually results in stool formation [ 41 ]. Gut peptides involved in colonic motility are somatostatin, neurotensins, motilin and corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) [ 42 ]. There is no consensus on the golden standard for measuring colonic transit.…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Transit: Methodology and (Patho)physiolomentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Transit Time, Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health: Modulation by Dietary Fibers

2018

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Gastrointestinal transit time may be an important determinant of glucose homeostasis and metabolic health through effects on nutrient absorption and microbial composition, among other mechanisms. Modulation of gastrointestinal transit may be one of the mechanisms underlying the beneficial health effects of dietary fibers. These effects include improved glucose homeostasis and a reduced risk of developing metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. In this review, we first discuss the regulation of gastric emptying rate, small intestinal transit and colonic transit as well as their relation to glucose homeostasis and metabolic health. Subsequently, we briefly address the reported health effects of different dietary fibers and discuss to what extent the fiber-induced health benefits may be mediated through modulation of gastrointestinal transit.

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Colonic Transit Time and Gut Peptides in Adult Patients with Slow and Normal Colonic Transit Constipation

Cited by 15 publications

References 44 publications

Prediction of Inadequate Bowel Preparation Using Total and Segmental Colon Transit Time in Patients with Chronic Constipation: Some Different Outcomes

Prediction of Inadequate Bowel Preparation Using Total and Segmental Colon Transit Time in Patients with Chronic Constipation: Some Different Outcomes

Adipose Tissue-Derived Biomarkers of Intestinal Barrier Functions for the Characterization of Diarrhoea-Predominant IBS

Gastrointestinal Transit Time, Glucose Homeostasis and Metabolic Health: Modulation by Dietary Fibers

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