Colonic Ischemia, Perforation, and Colectomy after a Complicated Endovascular Embolization for Type II Endoleak with the Use of Cyanoacrylate Glue

Full recovery after non-target cerebral embolization of n-butyl-cyanoacrylate occurred during emergency treatment of a facial arteriovenous malformation

“…NBCA-MS is mixed with Lipiodol to make it radiopaque and to adjust its polymerization time. However, mainly due to its rapid polymerization and the inability to blend with other fluids, its behavior may prove unpredictable during injection and cause permanent damage if non-target embolization occurs (Lanza et al, 2014;Li et al, 2005). These risks should be foreseen by the operator and appropriate measures to avoid them should always be put in place.…”

“…Endovascular embolization is used to reduce blood flow to the AVM prior to surgery and has been proven as safe, feasible and effective (Rosen & Contractor, 2004;Liu et al, 2014;Yakes, 2004;Raffi et al, 2007;Krajina et al, 1991;Dabus et al, 2017). However, over the last two decades several complications have been described especially in the emergency setting, including cast spillover, migration and nontarget embolization (Lanza et al, 2014;Pelz et al, 1995;Chagla & Balasubramaniam, 2008;Naithani et al, 2013;Li et al, 2005;Krishnamoorthy et al, 2007). However, few reports have described encephalic non target embolization and its temporal evolution (Jayaraman et al, 2008;Sugiu et al, 2004).…”

Ischemic colitis after translumbar n-butyl cyanoacrylate injection for treatment of endoleak

“… 4 Even with the use of fast polymerizing agents like n -butyl cyanoacrylate during direct sac injection, collateral embolization can occur. 5 Outflow vessel control with transarterial coil embolization before direct sac puncture may prevent this complication and should be considered before any intervention.…”

Compression of endograft limb after translumbar embolization of a type II endoleak using n-butyl cyanoacrylate

“…However, other serious complications related to inadvertent occlusion of nontargeted arteries have been rarely documented. Such complications include ischemic skin ulceration, ischemic colitis due to microembolization to the periphery of the IMA and collaterals supplying the colon, and ischemic sciatic neuropathy and footdrop after reflux of cyanoacrylate into the peripheral branches of the internal iliac artery supplying the lumbosacral plexus and the sciatic nerve 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. Compression of an endograft limb and subsequent limb ischemia after the injection of n-BCA or any other embolic agent for the treatment of type II endoleak is another rare complication.…”