Colonic inflammation accompanies an increase of β-catenin signaling and Lachnospiraceae/Streptococcaceae bacteria in the hind gut of high-fat diet-fed mice

Abstract

Consumption of an obesigenic/high-fat diet (HFD) is associated with a high colon cancer risk and may alter the gut microbiota. To test the hypothesis that long-term high-fat (HF) feeding accelerates inflammatory process and changes gut microbiome composition, C57BL/6 mice were fed HFD (45% energy) or a low-fat (LF) diet (10% energy) for 36 weeks. At the end of the study, body weights in the HF group were 35% greater than those in the LF group. These changes were associated with dramatic increases in body fat composition, inflammatory cell infiltration, inducible nitric oxide synthase protein concentration and cell proliferation marker (Ki67) in ileum and colon. Similarly, β-catenin expression was increased in colon (but not ileum). Consistent with gut inflammation phenotype, we also found that plasma leptin, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α concentrations were also elevated in mice fed the HFD, indicative of chronic inflammation. Fecal DNA was extracted and the V1-V3 hypervariable region of the microbial 16S rRNA gene was amplified using primers suitable for 454 pyrosequencing. Compared to the LF group, the HF group had high proportions of bacteria from the family Lachnospiraceae/Streptococcaceae, which is known to be involved in the development of metabolic disorders, diabetes and colon cancer. Taken together, our data demonstrate, for the first time, that long-term HF consumption not only increases inflammatory status but also accompanies an increase of colonic β-catenin signaling and Lachnospiraceae/Streptococcaceae bacteria in the hind gut of C57BL/6 mice.

Modulation of Caecal Microbiome in Obese Mice Associated with Administration of Amaranth or Soybean Protein Isolates

“…Obesity-related changes in the gut microbiota have been linked to the decrease in species diversity. However, recent works have reported an increase of gut bacteria diversity in mice fed high fat diets [Zeng et al, 2016]. Our results showed that AMA and SOY protein diets also increased species diversity in the mice caecal microbiota.…”

Comprehensive amelioration of high-fat diet-induced metabolic dysfunctions through activation of the PGC-1α pathway by probiotics treatment in mice

“…Further, at the family level, we also found that Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae families enriched by HFD feeding were decreased by L. plantarum treatment (Fig 5D). The abundances of these families have already been reported to be positively correlated with HFD-induced obesity, for example, enriched proportions of Rikenellaceae and Ruminococcaceae in obese-diabetes model (db/db) mice [59] and HFD-fed mice [60], and of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae in HFD-fed mice [61,62].…”

Major shifts in gut microbiota during development and its relationship to growth in ostriches

“…This association suggests that during development, gut microbiomes with greater diversity are not more resilient to bacteria that reduce growth in ostriches, and highly diverse communities could even be a source of pathobionts. The specific taxa with negative effects on growth (Peptococcaceae, S24‐7, Verrucomicrobiae, Anaeroplasmataceae, Streptococcaceae, Methanobacteriaceae) have all been previously associated with obesity, diabetes and metabolic disease in studies of rodents and humans (Clarke et al, ; Kang et al, ; Serino et al, ; Zeng, Ishaq, Zhao, & Wright, ). Given that birds and mammals diverged around 300 million years ago (Kumar & Hedges, ), our findings suggest that there are potentially conserved interactions between vertebrate gut microbiomes and their hosts.…”