Colonic hemangioma, a diagnostic challenge in young adults with lower gastrointestinal tract bleeding

Multiphasic CT and MR Imaging Findings of an Isolated Transverse Colon Hemangioma

“…These features give typically purplish-red to blue surface of the tumor that is soft and compressible on touch on endoscopy (2,4,5). Clinically, 60-90% of the patients with GI tract hemangiomas present with occult or lifethreatening bleeding, while approximately 10% of the patients can be asymptomatic (3,6). Other symptoms include anemia from chronic bleeding, abdominal or pelvic pain, and intestinal obstruction (4).…”

Multiple venous malformations in the left colon and rectum: a long-standing case managed conservatively and an update of current literature

“…A literature search shows around 350 reported cases of VMs of the colon with a female predominance of around 3:1 4 13. Anaemia (>50%) and painless lower gastrointestinal bleeding (>75%) are the most common presenting symptoms 1 14. Intravascular coagulation within the tumour leading to platelet destruction and coagulation factor consumption may lead to the acute, chronic or intermittent bleeding seen in VMs 15.…”

“…Intravascular coagulation within the tumour leading to platelet destruction and coagulation factor consumption may lead to the acute, chronic or intermittent bleeding seen in VMs 15. Rectal bleeding could be ongoing from childhood however around 10% of patients are completely asymptomatic 1. It could also present as bowel obstruction (17%) where localised lesions could act as a nidus for intussusception while larger masses cause mechanical luminal obstruction and may invade surrounding viscera causing abdominal or pelvic discomfort 1 16.…”

“…Rectal bleeding could be ongoing from childhood however around 10% of patients are completely asymptomatic 1. It could also present as bowel obstruction (17%) where localised lesions could act as a nidus for intussusception while larger masses cause mechanical luminal obstruction and may invade surrounding viscera causing abdominal or pelvic discomfort 1 16. Stool consistency is a poor marker as patients can present with both diarrhoea and constipation 17…”

“…Venous or cavernous malformations (VMs) can present with symptoms ranging from recurrent painless rectal bleeding to massive haemorrhage causing life threatening haemodynamic instability 1. It was first elucidated in 1839 however, its pathogenesis is not fully understood2; it is suspected to be derived from inherent defects of growth factor and endothelial cells pertaining to mesodermal tissue 3.…”