Colon Transit Time According to Physical Activity Level in Adults

Song, Bong Kil; Cho, Kang Ok; Jo, Yun Ju; Oh, Jung Woo; Kim, Yeon Soo

doi:10.5056/jnm.2012.18.1.64

Cited by 79 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…Although the data we reported here are novel, effects of physical activity on several other aspects of gut physiology (e.g., peristalsis; Song et al 2012) and pathology have been reported. For example, exercise was demonstrated to decrease the risk of developing several intestinal diseases, including colon cancer (Friedenreich et al 2006), inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome (Lustyk et al 2001), and other disorders that are accompanied by changes in the gut microbiome (De Hertogh et al 2012; Nelson et al 2011; Walker et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Exercise Attenuates PCB-Induced Changes in the Mouse Gut Microbiome

Choi

Eum²,

Rampersaud³

et al. 2013

Environ Health Perspect

253

173

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Background: The gut microbiome, a dynamic bacterial community that interacts with the host, is integral to human health because it regulates energy metabolism and immune functions. The gut microbiome may also play a role in risks from environmental toxicants.Objectives: We investigated the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and exercise on the composition and structure of the gut microbiome in mice.Methods: After mice exercised voluntarily for 5 weeks, they were treated by oral gavage with a mixture of environmentally relevant PCB congeners (PCB153, PCB138, and PCB180; total PCB dose, 150 µmol/kg) for 2 days. We then assessed the microbiome by determination of 16S rRNA using microarray analysis.Results: Oral exposure to PCBs significantly altered the abundance of the gut microbiome in mice primarily by decreasing the levels of Proteobacteria. The activity level of the mice correlated with a substantial shift in abundance, biodiversity, and composition of the microbiome. Importantly, exercise attenuated PCB-induced changes in the gut microbiome.Conclusions: Our results show that oral exposure to PCBs can induce substantial changes in the gut microbiome, which may then influence their systemic toxicity. These changes can be attenuated by behavioral factors, such as voluntary exercise.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Exercise Attenuates PCB-Induced Changes in the Mouse Gut Microbiome

Choi

Eum²,

Rampersaud³

et al. 2013

Environ Health Perspect

253

173

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A recent systematic review suggested PE was associated with a decrease in most of the factors discussed below, such as insulin, insulin resistance, IGF-1, IGF binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) or leptin 56. Physical activity can also decrease colon transit time, particularly in the recto-sigmoid region, and thus contact time of alimentary carcinogens with the colon mucosa 57. However, previous reports have suggested physical activity does not necessarily improve gastrointestinal transit 58…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and colorectal cancer

Bardou

Barkun

Martel

2013

Gut

640

479

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Excess body weight, as defined by the body mass index (BMI), has been associated with several diseases and includes subjects who are overweight (BMI ≥ 25-29.9 kg/m(2)) or obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)). Overweight and obesity constitute the fifth leading risk for overall mortality, accounting for at least 2.8 million adult deaths each year. In addition around 11% of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases have been attributed to overweight and obesity in Europe. Epidemiological data suggest that obesity is associated with a 30-70% increased risk of colon cancer in men, whereas the association is less consistent in women. Similar trends exist for colorectal adenoma, although the risk appears lower. Visceral fat, or abdominal obesity, seems to be of greater concern than subcutaneous fat obesity, and any 1 kg/m(2) increase in BMI confers additional risk (HR 1.03). Obesity might be associated with worse cancer outcomes, such as recurrence of the primary cancer or mortality. Several factors, including reduced sensitivity to antiangiogenic-therapeutic regimens, might explain these differences. Except for wound infection, obesity has no significant impact on surgical procedures. The underlying mechanisms linking obesity to CRC are still a matter of debate, but metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance and modifications in levels of adipocytokines seem to be of great importance. Other biological factors such as the gut microbiota or bile acids are emerging. Many questions still remain unanswered: should preventive strategies specifically target obese patients? Is the risk of cancer great enough to propose prophylactic bariatric surgery in certain patients with obesity?

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“…72 A Korean study showed that moderate or high levels of physical activity shortened CTT in females, but not in males. 73 However, the average of total physical activities was not significantly different in normally active subjects with and without constipation. 74 The effect of moderate physical exercise on bowel transit time has been questioned in healthy subjects.…”

Section: Management Of Chronic Constipationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Functional Constipation in Korea, 2015 Revised Edition

Shin

Jung

Lee

et al. 2016

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

Self Cite

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The Korean Society of Neurogastroenterology and Motility first published guidelines for chronic constipation in 2005 and was updated in 2011. Although the guidelines were updated using evidence-based process, they lacked multidisciplinary participation and did not include a diagnostic approach for chronic constipation. This article includes guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of chronic constipation to realistically fit the situation in Korea and to be applicable to clinical practice. The guideline development was based upon the adaptation method because research evidence was limited in Korea, and an organized multidisciplinary group carried out systematical literature review and series of evidence-based evaluations. Six guidelines were selected using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation (AGREE) II process. A total 37 recommendations were adopted, including 4 concerning the definition and risk factors of chronic constipation, 8 regarding diagnoses, and 25 regarding treatments. The guidelines are intended to help primary physicians and general health professionals in clinical practice in Korea, to provide the principles of medical treatment to medical students, residents, and other healthcare professionals, and to help patients for choosing medical services based on the information. These guidelines will be updated and revised periodically to reflect new diagnostic and therapeutic methods.

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Colon Transit Time According to Physical Activity Level in Adults

Cited by 79 publications

References 22 publications

Exercise Attenuates PCB-Induced Changes in the Mouse Gut Microbiome

Exercise Attenuates PCB-Induced Changes in the Mouse Gut Microbiome

Obesity and colorectal cancer

Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Functional Constipation in Korea, 2015 Revised Edition

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