Colon Cancer, Version 3.2014

Abstract

OverviewColorectal cancer (CRC) is the fourth most frequently diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. In 2013, an estimated 102,480 new cases of colon cancer and approximately 40,340 cases of rectal cancer will occur. During the same year, an estimated 50,830 people will die of colon and rectal cancers combined. AbstractThe NCCN Guidelines for Colon Cancer address diagnosis, pathologic staging, surgical management, perioperative treatment, posttreatment surveillance, management of recurrent and metastatic disease,and survivorship. This portion of the guidelines focuses on the use of systemic therapy in metastatic disease. The management of metastatic colorectal cancer involves a continuum of care in which patients are exposed sequentially to a variety of active agents, either in combinations or as single agents. Choice of therapy is based on the goals of treatment, the type and timing of prior therapy, the different efficacy and toxicity profiles of the drugs, the mutational status of the tumor, and patient preference. (J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2014;12:1028-1059 NCCN Categories of Evidence and ConsensusCategory 1: Based upon high-level evidence, there is uniform NCCN consensus that the intervention is appropriate. Category 2A: Based upon lower-level evidence, there is uniform NCCN consensus that the intervention is appropriate. Category 2B: Based upon lower-level evidence, there is NCCN consensus that the intervention is appropriate. Category 3: Based upon any level of evidence, there is major NCCN disagreement that the intervention is appropriate. These guidelines are also available on the Internet. For the latest update, visit NCCN.org.

Prevalence of Colorectal Polyps in a Group of Subjects at Average-risk of Colorectal Cancer Undergoing Colonoscopic Screening in Tehran, Iran between 2008 and 2013

“…Although, screening programs for CRC are widely used in western countries (Benson et al, 2008;Ng and Wong 2013;Benson et al, 2014), there currently does not exist recognized cancer screening programs in the Middle Eastern or: such as Iran. After a thorough study of the literature, it was noted that there have not been research efforts with regards to CRC screening among the average risk population in Iran.…”

Neurokinin-2 receptor polymorphism predicts lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer patients

“…Recently, a population-based epidemiological study in a Chinese population found that the NK2R rs4644560 genotype appeared to be associated with a decreased risk of CRC when combined with NK1R rs10198644 (12 An individual who consumed alcohol more than once per day for at least three months was considered as an alcohol drinker and an individual who had smoked more than one cigarette per day for over one year was considered as a tobacco user. Diagnostic stage was confirmed according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines for CRC (13). Differentiation grade was defined as poor, moderate and well.…”

Clinical Validation and Implementation of a Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing Assay to Detect Somatic Variants in Non-Small Cell Lung, Melanoma, and Gastrointestinal Malignancies

“…(J Mol Diagn 2016, 18: 299e315; http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmoldx. 2015.11.006) In modern oncologic practice, patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), 1,2 melanoma, 3,4 and colorectal adenocarcinoma 5,6 are often treated with targeted therapies as standard of care or after enrollment in clinical trials. Molecular mutation analysis is the preferred testing modality to guide therapeutic decision making and/or eligibility for biological studies.…”