Colloidal LaPO₄:Gd³⁺ nanocrystals: X-ray induced single line UV emission

Abstract

X-ray excitation of LaPO4:Gd3+ nanocrystals results in single-line UV emission capable of activating organic molecules and enabling new biomedical applications.

Characterization of Micro‐ and Nanoscale LuPO4:Pr3+,Nd3+ with Strong UV‐C Emission to Reduce X‐Ray Doses in Radiation Therapy

“…However, a reduced intensity of the peaks observed at around 600 nm can be clearly recognized (inset). These peaks have been attributed to the 1 D 2 → 3 H 4 and 3 P 0 → 3 H 6 transitions of the Pr 3+ ion …”

“…For detectable Pr 3+ emission in the UV‐C range, 80–100 nm particles were necessary to produce emission . The majority of previous research has emphasized that the loss of the emission intensity is due to the nonradiative relaxation resulting from the interaction with surface defects . Moreover, continuous X‐ray irradiation degrades materials and increases surface defects.…”

“…Moreover, continuous X‐ray irradiation degrades materials and increases surface defects. Therefore, an important property of scintillators is radiation stability, often termed radiation hardness . A second disadvantage of reducing the particle size of a scintillator is that because of the high surface‐to‐volume ratio of NPs; surface defects play a more important role here than in their bulk or single‐crystal counterparts.…”

“…A second disadvantage of reducing the particle size of a scintillator is that because of the high surface‐to‐volume ratio of NPs; surface defects play a more important role here than in their bulk or single‐crystal counterparts. Consequently, the emission intensity decreases rapidly …”

“…[18,19] The majority of previous research has emphasized that the loss of the emission intensity is due to the nonradiative relaxation resulting from the interaction with surface defects. [20][21][22] Moreover, continuous X-ray irradiation degrades materials and increases surface defects. Therefore, an important property of scintillators is radiation stability, often termed radiation hardness.…”