Colloidal CsPbX<sub>3</sub> (X = Cl, Br, I) Nanocrystals 2.0: Zwitterionic Capping Ligands for Improved Durability and Stability

Krieg, Franziska; Ochsenbein, Stefan T.; Yakunin, Sergii; Brinck, Stephanie ten; Aellen, Philipp; Suess, A.; Clerc, Baptiste; Guggisberg, Dominic; Nazarenko, Olga; Shynkarenko, Yevhen; Kumar, Sudhir; Shih, Chih-​Jen; Infante, Ivan; Kovalenko, Maksym V.

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.8b00035

Cited by 726 publications

(975 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…[15] This phase change is accelerated with harsh washing reagents and, with a more gentle washing strategy-using methyl acetate or MeOAc-CsPbI 3 , is stable in the γ (black) phase for over 2 months. Additionally, several groups have been developing methods of protecting the perovskite structure from moisture, including overlaying silicone resins, [60] preparing polymer or related composites, [61][62][63] and coating with zwitterion [64] or metal complexes. Park et al observe a 16-nm blue shift and eventual degradation in CsPbI 3 nanocrystals that were caused by the irreversible generation of surface defects during photoluminescence measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Photo‐ and Thermal‐Stability of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals

et al. 2019

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Lead halide perovskites possess unique characteristics that are well-suited for optoelectronic and energy capture devices, however, concerns about their long-term stability remain. Limited stability is often linked to the methylammonium cation, and all-inorganic CsPbX 3 (X=Cl, Br, I) perovskite nanocrystals have been reported with improved stability. In this work, the photostability and thermal stability properties of CsPbX 3 (X=Cl, Br, I) nanocrystals were investigated by means of electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with FTIR (TGA-FTIR), ensemble and single particle spectral characterization. CsPbBr 3 was found to be stable under 1-sun illumination for 16 h in ambient conditions, although single crystal luminescence analysis after illumination using a solar simulator indicates that the luminescence states are changing over time. CsPbBr 3 was also stable to heating to 250°C. Large CsPbI 3 crystals (34 � 5 nm) were shown to be the least stable composition under the same conditions as both XRD reflections and Raman bands diminish under irradiation; and with heating the γ (black) phase reverts to the nonluminescent δ phase. Smaller CsPbI 3 nanocrystals (14 � 2 nm) purified by a different washing strategy exhibited improved photostability with no evidence of crystal growth but were still thermally unstable. Both CsPbCl 3 and CsPbBr 3 show crystal growth under irradiation or heat, likely with a preferential orientation based on XRD patterns. TGA-FTIR revealed nanocrystal mass loss was only from liberation and subsequent degradation of surface ligands. Encapsulation or other protective strategies should be employed for long-term stability of these materials under conditions of high irradiance or temperature.[a] B.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Photo‐ and Thermal‐Stability of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals

et al. 2019

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“…[240][241][242][243][244] Second, interfacial materials can enhance the electrode selectivity and charge transportation in the devices. [175][176][177][178][179][180] In fact, the photovoltaic parameters (V OC , J SC , and FF) depend on the quantity of builtin electric field, which is governed by the WF difference of anode-cathode electrodes. [246][247][248] Lastly, interfacial materials also have a significant impact on the morphology and hence the stability of the electronic devices.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[180] This ligand capping facilitated the isolation of pure NCs having high reaction yield with uniform colloidal NCs. Colloidal perovskite nanocrystals (NCs) have appeared as a versatile source of light.…”

Section: Wwwadvancedsciencenewscommentioning

confidence: 99%

Zwitterions for Organic/Perovskite Solar Cells, Light‐Emitting Devices, and Lithium Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Islam

Pervaiz

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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are covalently bonded and their unique characteristics enable them to demonstrate special performance in applications and distinguish them from other conventional organic salts. [12][13][14] Recently, a significant attention has been paid to the use of zwitterions owing to their solubility in polar solvents for solution processing, [15][16][17] and dipole formation for the transfer of carriers [18][19][20] and ions. [21][22][23] Zwitterions have emerged as alternatives to the widely used building blocks such as conventional ionic groups, for developing new functional materials. The presence of both negative and positive ions in the same molecule enables zwitterions to develop interfacial dipole. The ability of zwitterions to develop interfacial dipole provides a new pathway to utilize them as interfacial layer in optoelectronic devices, including organic solar cells (OSCs), perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), and organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), as well as electrolyte additives for energy devices such as lithium ion batteries (LIBs).It is well known that the ability to transport the charge carriers between the electrodes and organic layers is very crucial to obtain highly efficient electronic devices. [24] A mismatch between the energy levels of organic layers and inorganic electrodes leads to the generation of an energy barrier that hampers the extraction or injection of charge carriers. [25] To get rid of this obstacle, an interlayer between the electrodes and organic layers is applied to facilitate the transfer of charges in organic devices. In OLEDs, interlayers are used to enhance charge injection and reduce the height of Schottky barrier. While in the case of OSCs and PVSCs, apart from the enhancement in charge injection, they also play an important role to increase the built-in electric field across the active layer, ensuring efficient extraction of photogenerated charge carriers. [26][27][28][29][30] Therefore, the design and development of effective interlayer materials for interfacial modification are crucial for high-performance electronic devices. Recently, some significant advances have been demonstrated by applying an interfacial layer between the electrodes and organic layers, resulting in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) to exceed 14% for single-junction OSCs by choosing appropriate photoactive layer. [31,32] Among different interlayer materials used so far, zwitterionic materials have been proved Zwitterions, a class of materials that contain covalently bonded cations and anions, have been extensively studied in the past decades owing to their special features, such as excellent solubility in polar solvents, for solution processing and dipole formation for the transfer of carriers and ions. Recently, zwitterions have been developed as electrode modifiers for organic solar cells (OSCs), perovskite solar cells (PVSCs), and organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs), as well as electrolyte additives for lithium ion batteries (LIBs).With the rapid advances of zwitterionic materials, high-performan...

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“…[5] However, it also limits their stability against moisture and polar solvents. [27] The ligands can also passivate quantum trap states and improve the optoelectronic properties of the perovskites. [27] The ligands can also passivate quantum trap states and improve the optoelectronic properties of the perovskites.…”

Section: The Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Frontiers in Energy‐Related Materials and Applications for 2020–2030

Blay

Galian

Mureşan

et al. 2020

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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structure was found for the first time in a mineral composed by CaTiO 3 in 1839. Since then, multiple metal oxide perovskites (AMO 3 ) were developed, which have interesting properties for ferroelectric, superconductive, and pyroelectric applications. Metal halide perovskites (X is a halide anion such as Cl − , Br − , or I − ), which were developed later, display promising semiconducting properties. In particular, lead halide perovskites (APbX 3 ) are the most widely studied perovskite composition and are classified according to the A cation into hybrid perovskites (methylammonium bromide, MA or formamidinium, FA) and all-inorganic perovskites (cesium, Cs). [2] The electronic properties of the perovskites are related to the M-X bond, while the size of the A cation can introduce crystal distortion and change the symmetry of the ideal cubic crystal structure. [3] Interestingly, by using a large A organic cation, low-dimensional halide perovskites can be formed, including 2D sheets, 1D chains, or 0D clusters. [4] Lead halide perovskites are revolutionizing photovoltaic technology thank to their outstanding optical and electronic properties, low cost, and simple preparation. Compared to silicon-based technology, perovskites are prepared from more abundant and low-cost precursors. The superior performance and high efficiency of perovskite-based solar cells (PSC) are due to i) high optical absorption coefficient, ii) long carrier diffusion length This article delineates the state of the art for several materials used in the harvest, conversion, and storage of energy, and analyzes the challenges to be overcome in the decade ahead for them to reach the market and benefit society. The materials covered have had a special interest in recent years and include perovskites, materials for batteries and supercapacitors, graphene, and materials for hydrogen production and storage. Looking at the common challenges for these different systems, scientists in basic research should carefully consider commercial requirements when designing new materials. These include cost and ease of synthesis, abundance of precursors, recyclability of spent devices, toxicity, and stability. Improvements in these areas deserve more attention, as they can help bridge the gap for these technologies and facilitate the creation of partnerships between academia and industry. These improvements should be pursued in parallel with the design of novel compositions, nanostructures, and devices, which have led most interest during the past decade. Research groups are encouraged to adopt a cross-disciplinary mindset, which may allow more efficient use of existing knowledge and facilitate breakthrough innovation in both basic and applied research of energy-related materials.

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Colloidal CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) Nanocrystals 2.0: Zwitterionic Capping Ligands for Improved Durability and Stability

Cited by 726 publications

References 42 publications

Unveiling the Photo‐ and Thermal‐Stability of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals

Unveiling the Photo‐ and Thermal‐Stability of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals

Zwitterions for Organic/Perovskite Solar Cells, Light‐Emitting Devices, and Lithium Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Research Frontiers in Energy‐Related Materials and Applications for 2020–2030

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Colloidal CsPbX3 (X = Cl, Br, I) Nanocrystals 2.0: Zwitterionic Capping Ligands for Improved Durability and Stability

Cited by 726 publications

References 42 publications

Unveiling the Photo‐ and Thermal‐Stability of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals

Unveiling the Photo‐ and Thermal‐Stability of Cesium Lead Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals

Zwitterions for Organic/Perovskite Solar Cells, Light‐Emitting Devices, and Lithium Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and Perspectives

Research Frontiers in Energy‐Related Materials and Applications for 2020–2030

Contact Info

Product

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Colloidal CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I) Nanocrystals 2.0: Zwitterionic Capping Ligands for Improved Durability and Stability