Colloidal Crystallization Between Two and Three Dimensions

Löwen, Hartmut; Oğuz, Erdal C.; Assoud, Lahcen; Messina, René

doi:10.1002/9781118158715.ch3

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…These systems have been extensively treated by both theory and experiment, where individual micrometer-scale particles can be readily imaged using optical microscopy techniques, and their motion followed in real-time. [429][430][431] The assembly of spheres into condensed phases also offers unique insight into the formation of many structures in nature including ionic and molecular crystals. While the face-centered cubic (FCC) structure is the optimal packing for an infinite number of spheres, finite numbers of spheres can exhibit a range of structures that are not consistent with FCC packing.…”

Section: Crystallization Of Colloidal Particles In Confinementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization in Confinement

2020

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Many crystallization processes of great importance, including frost heave, biomineralization, the synthesis of nanomaterials, and scale formation, occur in small volumes rather than bulk solution. Here, the influence of confinement on crystallization processes is described, drawing together information from fields as diverse as bioinspired mineralization, templating, pharmaceuticals, colloidal crystallization, and geochemistry. Experiments are principally conducted within confining systems that offer well‐defined environments, varying from droplets in microfluidic devices, to cylindrical pores in filtration membranes, to nanoporous glasses and carbon nanotubes. Dramatic effects are observed, including a stabilization of metastable polymorphs, a depression of freezing points, and the formation of crystals with preferred orientations, modified morphologies, and even structures not seen in bulk. Confinement is also shown to influence crystallization processes over length scales ranging from the atomic to hundreds of micrometers, and to originate from a wide range of mechanisms. The development of an enhanced understanding of the influence of confinement on crystal nucleation and growth will not only provide superior insight into crystallization processes in many real‐world environments, but will also enable this phenomenon to be used to control crystallization in applications including nanomaterial synthesis, heavy metal remediation, and the prevention of weathering.

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Section: Crystallization Of Colloidal Particles In Confinementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization in Confinement

2020

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“…Future work should address the dynamics of dipolar mixtures of colloidal particles with different dipole moments [49], where an equilibrium density functional for a binary mixture [50] is needed. These mixtures show more complex possibilities of mixed crystals as a function of the asymmetry in their dipole moments [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vacancy diffusion in colloidal crystals as determined by dynamical density-functional theory and the phase-field-crystal model

2013

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A two-dimensional crystal of repulsive dipolar particles is studied in the vicinity of its melting transition by using Brownian dynamics computer simulation, dynamical density-functional theory, and phase-field-crystal modeling. A vacancy is created by taking out a particle from an equilibrated crystal, and the relaxation dynamics of the vacancy is followed by monitoring the time-dependent one-particle density. We find that the vacancy is quickly filled up by diffusive hopping of neighboring particles towards the vacancy center. We examine the temperature dependence of the diffusion constant and find that it decreases with decreasing temperature in the simulations. This trend is reproduced by the dynamical density-functional theory. Conversely, the phase-field-crystal calculations predict the opposite trend. Therefore, the phase-field model needs a temperature-dependent expression for the mobility to predict trends correctly.

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“…In addition, the electrostatic repulsion-driven crystallization model arising from the study of filament networks can even find a more general context. Crystallization, melting and dynamics of confined two-dimensional charged colloidal systems have been extensively studied, where the particles are mutually repelled [17,39,40]. In our model, the introduced spatially varying confinement potential that is mimicking the charged environment of a bundle can find its applications in a general colloidal system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We develop a particle model to understand how the long-range repulsions induce hexagonal crystalline order inside bundles of filaments, where the bundles form networks or gels. The electrostatic repulsion-driven crystallization model arising from filament networks can even be discussed in a more general context; in particular the introduced spatially varying confinement potential can be employed to manipulate charged particles in general colloidal systems [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic repulsion-driven crystallization model arising from filament networks

Yao

Cruz

2013

Phys. Rev. E

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The crystallization of bundles in filament networks interacting via long-range repulsions in confinement is described by a phenomenological model. The model demonstrates the formation of the hexagonal crystalline order via the interplay of the confinement potential and the filament-filament repulsion. Two distinct crystallization mechanisms in the short- and large- screening length regimes are discussed, and the phase diagram is obtained. Simulation of large bundles predicts the existence of topological defects within the bundled filaments. This electrostatic repulsion-driven crystallization model arising from studying filament networks can even find a more general context extending to charged colloidal systems.

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Colloidal Crystallization Between Two and Three Dimensions

Cited by 15 publications

References 110 publications

Crystallization in Confinement

Crystallization in Confinement

Vacancy diffusion in colloidal crystals as determined by dynamical density-functional theory and the phase-field-crystal model

Electrostatic repulsion-driven crystallization model arising from filament networks

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