Colloid transport code-nuclear user`s manual

Jain, Rakesh K.

doi:10.2172/139186

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The e ect is a critical slowing down which makes the study of the branched polymer phase as well as the critical region very di cult. Local moves need many steps to change the geometric structure of the manifold and we observe very long autocorrelation times for quantities like hn(r)i N 4 (33). To overcome this di culty we enlarge the set of moves by global \baby universe surgery" moves which permit large changes of geometry and at the same time have large acceptance (in fact equal one).…”

Section: The Computer Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling in four-dimensional quantum gravity

Ambjørn¹,

Jurkiewicz²

1995

Nuclear Physics B

159

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We discuss scaling relations in four dimensional simplicial quantum gravity. Using numerical results obtained with a new algorithm called \baby universe surgery" we study the critical region of the theory. The position of the phase transition is given with high accuracy and some critical exponents are measured. Their values prove that the transition is continuous. We discuss the properties of two distinct phases of the theory. For large values of the bare gravitational coupling constant the internal Hausdor dimension is two (the elongated phase), and the continuum theory is that of so called branched polymers. For small values of the bare gravitational coupling constant the internal Hausdor dimension seems to be in nite (the crumpled phase). We conjecture that this phase corresponds to a theory of topological gravity. At the transition point the Hausdor dimension might be nite and larger than two. This transition point is a potential candidate for a non-perturbative theory of quantum gravity.

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Section: The Computer Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling in four-dimensional quantum gravity

Ambjørn¹,

Jurkiewicz²

1995

Nuclear Physics B

159

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“…However, there is a slight subtlety associated with (5) and (7). If 1 < s < 0, as is the case for unitary theories with 0 c < 1, the coe cient in front of (7) is negative (cf. 1]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the functionF in (5) is positive for unitary theories and falls of fast for large R (see (18) below) this is only possible if the functionF (x) is singular for small x, such that the term s is a subdominant term, while the dominant term is analytic in . The exponent s determines the proliferation into so-called baby universes 7,8] and the scaling exponent can be identi ed with the inverse Hausdor dimension of the system: = 1=d H : (8) We denote d H the grand canonical (intrinsic) Hausdor dimension, since it is de ned in the ensemble of manifolds with uctuating volume V g = R d d p g, but constant cosmological constant . Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the fractal structure of two-dimensional quantum gravity

Ambjørn¹,

Jurkiewicz²,

Watabiki³

1995

Nuclear Physics B

142

191

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“…Nowadays, a number of conventional techniques including chemical precipitation, 5 cation exchange membranes, 6 micellar enhanced ultrafiltration, 7 sonochemical degradation, 8 electrochemical treatments 9 and electrochemical degradation 10 are widely used for elimination of dyes from wastewaters. In general, these techniques are often costly or ineffective, especially in removing dyes at low concentration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of super dye adsorbent hydrogels based on acrylic acid and acryloyl tetrasodium thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate

Narimani

Lakouraj

2015

Polymer International

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Acryloyl tetrasodium thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (ACSTCA) was synthesized via fictionalization of tetrasodium thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate (STCA). Hydrogels based on acrylic acid (AA) (20-70 mol%) and ACSTCA (30-80 mol%) were prepared by solution copolymerization in water using methylene bisacrylamide and ammonium persulfate as crosslinker and initiator, respectively. The gels obtained exhibited a good ability for absorbing water. Swelling of the gels was improved with increase in ACSTCA content in the gel feed. Characterization of the synthesized monomer (ACSTCA) was performed using mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopies and the synthesized gels were characterized by FTIR. The thermal and mechanical properties of these copolymers were also studied using TGA and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis. The glass transition temperature and storage modulus of the copolymer were increased with increasing content of ACSTCA in the gel. Thermal stability was improved with increasing ACSTCA content in the structure of the copolymer. The results showed that the synthesized copolymer (ACSTCA-AA) can effectively remove dye from wastewater. The dye removal capacity of the gels was investigated with a UV−visible spectrophotometer. In addition, the effect of key operation parameters such as the ACSTCA content in the structure of the copolymer, contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH of the solution and temperature on dye removal from aqueous solution was experimentally studied. The equilibrium data were analyzed using the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms. The Freundlich isotherms provided a better fit to the data. Results from the kinetic studies revealed that the adsorption of malachite green onto the hydrogels followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model.

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Colloid transport code-nuclear user`s manual

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Scaling in four-dimensional quantum gravity

Scaling in four-dimensional quantum gravity

On the fractal structure of two-dimensional quantum gravity

Synthesis and characterization of super dye adsorbent hydrogels based on acrylic acid and acryloyl tetrasodium thiacalix[4]arene tetrasulfonate

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