Collision in double random phase encoding

Abstract

a b s t r a c tCollision is a situation that occurs when two or more distinct inputs into a security system produce identical outputs, which is undesirable in some security applications. This is especially true of the applications of watermarking and authentication. In this manuscript we present a study of the collision property of double random phase encoding. We show that one can produce meaningful collisions from the cyphertext of a watermark embedded in a host image by use of phase retrieval techniques.

Introducing secure modes of operation for optical encryption

“…However, care would have to be taken when specifying a very efficient optical implementation for the irreversible function f 1 in CFB and OFB. The most efficient nonlinear operation in analog optics (square law detection) could be susceptible to phaseretrieval techniques and, as has been mentioned, DRPE itself cannot be used as a cryptographic hash function [45]. In particular, the perfect calculation of f 1 in the OFB mode is required in order to avoid the propagation of errors, and so it would be recommended that this step be carried out with digital optics or digital electronics.…”

“…The irreversible f 1 operation can be implemented elsewhere (in optics or electronics). It has been shown [45] that DRPE itself should not be used for the irreversible f 1 . In such a scenario, DRPE encryption is defined as…”

A Review of Some Recent Work in the Area of Imaging and Optical Signal Processing

“…There has been significant interest in encryption schemes which can be implemented optically [18][19][20][21][22][23]. Practical optical implementation of such systems is difficult [19,22] and the security and robustness of these systems is still a matter of study and analysis [18,[20][21][22][23].…”

“…Practical optical implementation of such systems is difficult [19,22] and the security and robustness of these systems is still a matter of study and analysis [18,[20][21][22][23]. However not only do such systems pose a very interesting problem for the fast algorithms described above in Section 3, it has been shown that the problems of encryption and multiplexing can be discussed fruitfully using PSO [24].…”

Optical signal processing: Holography, speckle and algorithms

“…Importantly the resulting framework has also supplied a set of mathematical modelling tools, which have provided some insights into the operation of such systems. Some of the applications examined by my group include metrology systems [2][3][4][5][6]25], and optical encryption [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]31]. The work has included significant experimental work with speckle based and holographic systems [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]32].…”