Collet–Sicard syndrome complicating internal jugular vein thrombosis

Internal carotid artery aneurysm in skull base osteomyelitis: does the pattern of cranial nerve involvement matter?

“…Considering their fatal complications, one should be cognisant of carotid artery aneurysms, particularly when a recalcitrant case of malignant external otitis presents with medial progression of skull base osteomyelitis at the level of the jugular foramen and/or hypoglossal canal, especially when it occurs in association with Horner's syndrome and minimal facial nerve involvement. These findings should alert clinicians to search for other causes of cranial nerve involvement, including ICA pseudo-aneurysm or jugular vein thrombosis, 8 and not simply attribute them to skull base osteomyelitis. In suspected cases, vascular imaging of the skull base in the form of a CT or magnetic resonance angiogram should be arranged.…”