Objective: To describe the successful use and impact of individuals paid to enroll clinical research subjects in support of emergency medicine (EM) research. Program Description: Paramedics and college students were hired to identifylenroll subjects in EM research studies 14 hourslday, 7 days/week. Potential subjects were identified by monitoring emergency medical services radios, routine rounding in the ED, and communication with the ED attending and charge nurse. Enrollers were trained in phlebotomy, obtaining ECGs, obtaining consent in appropriate studies, and post-ED followup. They supported ED prospective studies and multicenter clinical trials, as well as departmental surveys and retrospective studies. Survey support included mailing list development, mailing completion, survey database design, and data entry. Program Outcomes: Over 18 months, 17 prospective studies and 8 surveys/retrospective studies were completed. 2,175 subjects were enrolled in prospective studies and 6,500 surveydretrospective reviews were completed. In the year prior to enroller program initiation, el00 subjects were enrolled in 3 departmental studies. Conclusion: Use of paid, clinical research subject enrollers supports successful recruitment of study subjects and the completion of EM research studies. Key words: emergency medicine; research; research subject; clinical trial; enrollment. I Many barriers to successful completion of emergency medicine (EM) research have been identified.'-3 One such barrier is the recruitment of subjects in the often chaotic environment of the ED. Although the ED is often identified as a laboratory for EM research and collaborative research with other specialties, logistically it is often difficult to identify and enroll subjects for research studies using clinical personnel working in the ED envir~nment.~.' This paper describes the use of a dedicated research subject enroller program to increase the identification and enrollment of subjects for EM research studies in the ED of an academic medical center.
PROGRAM DESCRIPTIONThe ED where this program was introduced is a Level-1 trauma center at a university hospital and provides care to >58,000 adults and children annually. The Department of Emergency Medicine is a full academic department and has 24 full-time faculty. The department has a 3-year EM residency that trains 8 residents per year. Paid paramedics and college students were hired and trained to identify and enroll subjects in ED-based studies. These include studies by the EM faculty as well as collaborative studies with other specialties. Coverage is provided for 14 hourslday from 9 AM until 11 PM, Sunday through Thursday, and until 3 AM on Friday and Saturday mornings. A full-time enroller works from 9 AM until 5 PM, Monday through Friday. All other coverage is provided by 5 part-time enrollers. Vacations, holidays, and absences are covered by this part-time staff. The mean enroller salary is $8.23 per hour. Oversight of the enroller program is provided by a fulltime faculty member an...