Collector System Topology Design for Offshore Wind Farm's Repowering and Expansion

Zuo, Tengjun; Zhang, Yuchen; Meng, Ke; Tong, Ziyuan; Zhang, Dong; Fu, Yang

doi:10.1109/tste.2020.3022508

Cited by 21 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Repowering is still an emerging subject in offshore wind literature, with the literature searches (Table 3) returning 56 publications, of which 21 bear direct or some relevance (Figure 3). Most articles speak about decision-making approaches literally [179,195] or subjects in relation to decision-making, such as optimisation strategies [201], environmental impacts [202] and techno-economic/cost assessments [178,199,[203][204][205]. Others focus more on lifetime extension [200,206] and decommissioning [177].…”

Section: Repoweringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework and Baseline for the Integration of a Sustainable Circular Economy in Offshore Wind

Velenturf

2021

Energies

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Circular economy and renewable energy infrastructure such as offshore wind farms are often assumed to be developed in synergy as part of sustainable transitions. Offshore wind is among the preferred technologies for low-carbon energy. Deployment is forecast to accelerate over ten times faster than onshore wind between 2021 and 2025, while the first generation of offshore wind turbines is about to be decommissioned. However, the growing scale of offshore wind brings new sustainability challenges. Many of the challenges are circular economy-related, such as increasing resource exploitation and competition and underdeveloped end-of-use solutions for decommissioned components and materials. However, circular economy is not yet commonly and systematically applied to offshore wind. Circular economy is a whole system approach aiming to make better use of products, components and materials throughout their consecutive lifecycles. The purpose of this study is to enable the integration of a sustainable circular economy into the design, development, operation and end-of-use management of offshore wind infrastructure. This will require a holistic overview of potential circular economy strategies that apply to offshore wind, because focus on no, or a subset of, circular solutions would open the sector to the risk of unintended consequences, such as replacing carbon impacts with water pollution, and short-term private cost savings with long-term bills for taxpayers. This study starts with a systematic review of circular economy and wind literature as a basis for the coproduction of a framework to embed a sustainable circular economy throughout the lifecycle of offshore wind energy infrastructure, resulting in eighteen strategies: design for circular economy, data and information, recertification, dematerialisation, waste prevention, modularisation, maintenance and repair, reuse and repurpose, refurbish and remanufacturing, lifetime extension, repowering, decommissioning, site recovery, disassembly, recycling, energy recovery, landfill and re-mining. An initial baseline review for each strategy is included. The application and transferability of the framework to other energy sectors, such as oil and gas and onshore wind, are discussed. This article concludes with an agenda for research and innovation and actions to take by industry and government.

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Section: Repoweringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework and Baseline for the Integration of a Sustainable Circular Economy in Offshore Wind

Velenturf

2021

Energies

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“…In a separate consideration of partial repowering, a selected number of units can be repowered, constrained by the total capacity that the electricity infrastructure can accommodate. To this end, (Safaei et al 2019;Zuo et al 2021) and Zuo et al (2021) analyze the optimal topology design for OWF repowering and expansion, proposing a multi-layer optimization framework for the WT capacity deviation between the repowered part and the expanded part, and the final output is generated with the aim of achieving optimal economy and reliability.…”

Section: Repoweringmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-attribute review toward effective planning of end-of-life strategies for offshore wind farms

Jadali

Ιωάννου

Kolios³

2021

Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy

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With many offshore wind turbines (OWTs) approaching the end of their estimated service life, there is an increasing demand for developing and evaluating end-of-life strategies that can maximize these assets' value while at the same time satisfying the requirements of the stakeholders involved. This study aims to perform a detailed review and develop a framework that will consider multiple criteria in the decision-making process, presenting and discussing available technologies and strategies, as well as influencing factors such as schedule, cost and environmental impact. Service life extension, repowering and decommissioning are included in this review as the main end-of-life strategies considered by asset owners, and these are translated into four processes that are applicable to offshore wind farms through a generic decision tree. A SWOT analysis is also conducted which aims to compare the different characteristics of the proposed processes. The factors contributing to the uncertainty of the processes as well as lessons learnt from the oil & gas industry are also discussed.

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“…The framework was tested and simulated on jacket-type offshore foundation platforms, which are fixed-type foundations. Zuo et al [106] performed a technical and economic analysis of the end-of-life scenarios, considering the possibilities of repowering and scaleexpansion combined. The article analyzed different types of wind energy collector system topologies, evaluating the economic and reliability advantages.…”

Section: (Iv) Decommissioning and Repoweringmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NPV is a criterion said to be exact and consolidated in the literature and has been used specifically in economic analyses in the area of wind power generation in recent decades [125][126][127][128]. Although NPV has been used for many decades, it remains one of the main criteria in economic feasibility analysis studies in offshore wind farms [58,62,72,79,81,106].…”

Section: (V) Net Present Value (Npv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Main Trends and Criteria Adopted in Economic Feasibility Studies of Offshore Wind Energy: A Systematic Literature Review

et al. 2021

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Offshore wind energy has been identified as one of the most promising and increasingly attractive sources of energy. This technology offers a long-term power-generation source, less environmental impact, and fewer physical restrictions. However, given the complexity of this technology, economic feasibility studies are essential. Thus, this study aims to identify the main trends and criteria or the methods used in the economic feasibility studies of offshore wind energy, providing a review of the state of the art in this literature. For this, a Systematic Literature Review was carried out. The article shows the growing interest in offshore wind power generation and highlights how recently the interest in the studies that assess the technical–economic feasibility of this source has grown; it presents the main milestones of the topic. Based on a structured literature review, this article identifies the main trends in this topic: (i) wind farms, (ii) risk, (iii) floating offshore wind farms, (iv) decommissioning and repowering, (v) net present value, (vi) life cycle cost, and (vii) multi-criteria decision-making; it provides a broad view of the methodological possibilities and specificities for investors and researchers interested in conducting studies on the economic feasibility of offshore wind generation. In addition, finally, a research agenda is proposed.

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Collector System Topology Design for Offshore Wind Farm's Repowering and Expansion

Cited by 21 publications

References 21 publications

A Framework and Baseline for the Integration of a Sustainable Circular Economy in Offshore Wind

A Framework and Baseline for the Integration of a Sustainable Circular Economy in Offshore Wind

A multi-attribute review toward effective planning of end-of-life strategies for offshore wind farms

Main Trends and Criteria Adopted in Economic Feasibility Studies of Offshore Wind Energy: A Systematic Literature Review

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