Collective Cooling and Self-Organization of Atoms in a Cavity

Domokos, P.; Ritsch, Helmut

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.89.253003

Cited by 385 publications

(488 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Selforganization of the atomic gas in ordered spatial patterns occurs in a single-mode standing-wave resonator when the atoms are driven by lasers whose intensity exceeds a threshold value, which depends also on the cavity decay rate [2,8,9,10,11]. By suitably tuning the laser frequency, moreover, a stationary state exists which is characterised by a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of the atomic momentum.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phases of cold atoms interacting via photon-mediated long-range forces

Keller¹,

Jäger²,

Morigi³

2017

J. Stat. Mech.

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Abstract. Atoms in high-finesse optical resonators interact via the photons they multiply scatter into the cavity modes. The dynamics is characterized by dispersive and dissipative optomechanical long-range forces, which are mediated by the cavity photons, and exhibits a steady state for certain parameter regimes. In standingwave cavities the atoms can form stable spatial gratings. Moreover, their asymptotic distribution is a Maxwell-Boltzmann whose effective temperature is controlled by the laser parameters. In this work we show that in a two-mode standing-wave cavity the stationary state possesses the same properties and phases of the Generalized Hamiltonian Mean Field model in the canonical ensemble. This model has three equilibrium phases: a paramagnetic, a nematic, and a ferromagnetic one, which here correspond to different spatial orders of the atomic gas and can be detected by means of the light emitted by the cavities. We further discuss perspectives for investigating in this setup the ensemble inequivalence predicted for the Generalized Hamiltonian Mean Field model. arXiv:1702.07653v1 [quant-ph]

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phases of cold atoms interacting via photon-mediated long-range forces

Keller¹,

Jäger²,

Morigi³

2017

J. Stat. Mech.

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“…When ultracold polarizable particles in an optical resonator are coherently illuminated from the side at sufficient intensity, the system undergoes a transition from homogeneous to crystalline order accompanied by superradiant light scattering into the cavity mode [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-ordering dynamics of ultracold atoms in multicolored cavity fields

Krämer

Ritsch

2014

Phys. Rev. A

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We study light induced spatial crystallization of ultracold quantum particles confined along the axis of a high-Q linear cavity via a transverse multicolor pump using numerical simulations.Whenever a pump frequency is tuned close to resonance with a longitudinal cavity mode, the dynamics favors bistable spatial particle ordering into a Bragg grating at a wavelength distance.Simultaneous pumping at several resonant frequencies fosters competition between the different spatial lattice orders, exhibiting complex nonlinear field dynamics involving several metastable atom-field states. For few particles even superpositions of different spatial orders entangled with different light mode amplitudes appear. By a proper choice of trap geometry and pump frequencies a broad variety of many particle Hamiltonians with a nontrivial long range coupling can be emulated in such a setup. When applying quantum Monte Carlo wave function simulations to study time evolution we find simultaneous super radiant scattering into several light modes and the buildup of strong non-classical atom field correlations.

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“…In order to overcome this difficulty, in this work the dynamical feedback between atoms and an optical cavity is employed to reach a self-organization of topologically non-trivial phases. One fascinating example for a selforganization of a coupled atom-cavity system has been realized recently by placing a bosonic quantum gas into an optical high-finesse resonator subjected to a perpendicular off-resonant pump beam [10][11][12][13][14]. Above a critical pump strength, the occupation of the cavity mode is stabilized and the bosonic atoms organize into a checkerboard density pattern [12].…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultracold Fermions in a Cavity-Induced Artificial Magnetic Field

et al. 2016

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We show how a fermionic quantum gas in an optical lattice and coupled to the field of an optical cavity can self-organize into a state in which the spontaneously emerging cavity field amplitude induces an artificial magnetic field. The fermions form either a chiral insulator or a chiral liquid carrying edge currents. The feedback mechanism via the cavity field enables robust and fast switching of the edge currents and the cavity output can be employed for non-destructive measurements of the atomic dynamics. The controlled generation of topologically non-trivial quantum phases is of greatest interest since they possess special properties such as extended edge states that can be well protected against destructive environmental effects[1]. Thus, materials with topological non-trivial properties have the prospect to be utilized for quantum devices and quantum computing. Well known are topological insulators with protected edge currents created in quantum Hall devices [2] by strong magnetic fields.For neutral atoms strong artificial magnetic fields can be created [3] which act similarly as magnetic fields for charged particles. Such artificial magnetic fields have been used in quantum gases confined to optical lattices to realize two showcase models of topologically insulating phases, the Hofstadter model in two-dimensions [4][5][6][7] or on a ladder geometry [8] and the Haldane model [9].Yet, the dynamic control and detection of topologically non-trivial quantum states remains a great challenge. In order to overcome this difficulty, in this work the dynamical feedback between atoms and an optical cavity is employed to reach a self-organization of topologically non-trivial phases. One fascinating example for a selforganization of a coupled atom-cavity system has been realized recently by placing a bosonic quantum gas into an optical high-finesse resonator subjected to a perpendicular off-resonant pump beam [10][11][12][13][14]. Above a critical pump strength, the occupation of the cavity mode is stabilized and the bosonic atoms organize into a checkerboard density pattern [12]. Many different proposals have been put forward to realize the self-organization of more complex quantum phases [13] reaching from the Mott-insulator [15] over fermionic phases [16][17][18][19][20] and disordered structures [21][22][23][24] to phases with spin-orbit coupling [25][26][27].In this work, we engineer a direct coupling mechanism of the cavity photons to the tunneling of atoms in an optical lattice. This is achieved using a Raman transition induced by the combination of a transverse pump beam and the cavity field (Fig. 1). The frequencies of the pump beam and the cavity mode are chosen such that the energy transfer is close to the energy offset between neigh- boring lattice sites. The resulting process represents an effective tunneling of the atoms. Due to the running-wave nature of the pump beam, a phase ϕ can be imprinted onto the tunneling of the atoms around a plaquette in the presence of cavity photons. We demonstrate that due t...

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Collective Cooling and Self-Organization of Atoms in a Cavity

Cited by 385 publications

References 11 publications

Phases of cold atoms interacting via photon-mediated long-range forces

Phases of cold atoms interacting via photon-mediated long-range forces

Self-ordering dynamics of ultracold atoms in multicolored cavity fields

Ultracold Fermions in a Cavity-Induced Artificial Magnetic Field

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