Collection, processing and storage of specimens for biological monitoring of occupational exposure to toxic chemicals

Aitio, Antero; Järvisalo, Jorma

doi:10.1351/pac198456040549

Cited by 14 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 97 publications

(113 reference statements)

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“…Concentrations of chemicals in the air need not bear any correlation to the amounts absorbed through the skin. However, it is seldom realized that skin absorption may also represent a source of error for biological monitoring (2). The organic chemical concentrations in blood collected from the forearm may not represent those in other parts of the body, but only the local concentrations at the venipuncture site.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin absorption as a source of error in biological monitoring.

Aitio¹,

Pekari²,

Järvisalo³

1984

Scand J Work Environ Health

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, MD1AITIO A, PEKARI K, JARVISALO J. Skin absorption as a source of error in biological monitoring. Scand J Work Environ Health 10 (1984) 317-320. Concentrations of toluene, tetrachloroethylene, and l,l,l-trichloroethane were determined in blood collected from both forearms of subjects after one of their hands was soaked for 5 min in the corresponding solvent or in a thinner containing toluene, as a simulation of the washing of hands with solvent after work. The concentrations of toluene, tetrachloroethylene, and l,l,l-trichloroethane on the soaked side were high, maximally 5.4, 9.0, and 4.0 pnol/l, respectively, and 20-, 130-, and 35-fold, respectively, compared to the contralateral side. Intraindividual differences were very marked, and dramatic changes were detected within a short period of time. It was not until after 3 h with toluene and 5 h with the chlorinated solvents that the difference between the two arms vanished. It is concluded that analyses of solvents in blood specimens drawn during or immediately after the workday may lead to markedly erroneous estimations of exposure.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin absorption as a source of error in biological monitoring.

Aitio¹,

Pekari²,

Järvisalo³

1984

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Bibliography

1998

Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

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Separation of different forms of transferrin by isoelectric focusing to detect effects on the liver caused by xenobiotics

Petrén

Vesterberg

1989

Electrophoresis

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Several genetic variants and also isoforms of transferrin differing in carbohydrate structure can be separated by polyacrylamide or agarose gel isoelectric focusing. Numerous blood plasma or serum samples can be analyzed in parallel in each gel. Studies of the heterogeneity of transferrin have already revealed many results of importance to different fields of human medicine. Gene typing can give important and useful information for paternity determination and in forensic medicine. The gene type C 2 seems to have increased frequency in certain malfunctions. Futhermore, functional abnormalities of liver cells can be revealed by determination of the concentrations of transferrin isoforms differing mainly in their carbohydrate parts. The isoforms can be quantified with zone immunoelectrophoresis assay. Thus valuable information can be obtained about important modulated regulations of cell and membrane functions, even when these are disturbed by disease and xenobiotics. The information may be useful e.g. in the detection of individuals suffering from toxic effects, to identify toxic agents and exposure conditions. Studies of house painters revealed that exposure to different types of paints had an effect on transferrin. Determination of the concentration of the isotransferrin with pI 5.7 in blood samples from alcoholics can be used as a marker for the detection of liver dysfunction and for the monitoring of therapy treatments. In addition, by analyzing the isotransferrins a rare genetic abnormality can be detected.

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Collection, processing and storage of specimens for biological monitoring of occupational exposure to toxic chemicals

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 14 publications

References 97 publications

Skin absorption as a source of error in biological monitoring.

Skin absorption as a source of error in biological monitoring.

Bibliography

Separation of different forms of transferrin by isoelectric focusing to detect effects on the liver caused by xenobiotics

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