Collection of soot particles into aqueous suspension using a particle-into-liquid sampler

Wonaschuetz, Anna; Haller, Theresa; Sommer, Eva; Witek, Lorenz; Grothe, Hinrich; Hitzenberger, R.

doi:10.1080/02786826.2018.1540859

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The operating mechanism of PILS has been discussed extensively in the literature. 30–33 Briefly, the sample aerosol is mixed with saturated water vapor to grow the particles into larger droplets. Then, the droplets are impacted onto a vertical impactor surface, and the water-soluble species collected on the impactor are washed off with an aqueous solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photo-oxidation of pinic acid in the aqueous phase: a mechanistic investigation under acidic and basic pH conditions

Amorim

Guo

Gautam

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci.: Atmos.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The operating mechanism of PILS has been discussed extensively in the literature. [30][31][32][33] Briey, the sample aerosol is mixed with saturated water vapor to grow the particles into larger droplets.…”

Section: Pils-esi-ms Analysis Of Reaction Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo-oxidation of pinic acid in the aqueous phase: a mechanistic investigation under acidic and basic pH conditions

Amorim

Guo

Gautam

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci.: Atmos.

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“…A possible explanation relates to the performance of the PILS when sampling coarse and insoluble (or low-solubility) particles such as ash and/or crustal material associated with biomass burning. In the PILS, droplet growth and separation from the airstream as an aqueous solution are relatively well constrained for soluble material; however, Wonaschütz et al (2019) describe accumulation of insoluble material on the wicking material and impactor in association with laboratory experiments performed with soot particles, while Orsini et al (2003) also noted similar limitations for low-solubility calcium salts. We hypothesize that under constant rinsing, and particularly under varying environmental conditions, low-solubility crustal deposits may leach, or become detached, back into the PILS liquid stream in a process that is unlikely to be steady or controlled, perhaps explaining the intermittent structure.…”

Section: Boundary Layer Aerosolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement report: Closure analysis of aerosol–cloud composition in tropical maritime warm convection

Crosbie

Ziemba²,

Shook³

et al. 2022

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Cloud droplet chemical composition is a key observable property that can aid understanding of how aerosols and clouds interact. As part of the Clouds, Aerosols and Monsoon Processes – Philippines Experiment (CAMP2Ex), three case studies were analyzed involving collocated airborne sampling of relevant clear and cloudy air masses associated with maritime warm convection. Two of the cases represented a polluted marine background, with signatures of transported East Asian regional pollution, aged over water for several days, while the third case comprised a major smoke transport event from Kalimantan fires. Sea salt was a dominant component of cloud droplet composition, in spite of fine particulate enhancement from regional anthropogenic sources. Furthermore, the proportion of sea salt was enhanced relative to sulfate in rainwater and may indicate both a propensity for sea salt to aid warm rain production and an increased collection efficiency of large sea salt particles by rain in subsaturated environments. Amongst cases, as precipitation became more significant, so too did the variability in the sea salt to (non-sea salt) sulfate ratio. Across cases, nitrate and ammonium were fractionally greater in cloud water than fine-mode aerosol particles; however, a strong covariability in cloud water nitrate and sea salt was suggestive of prior uptake of nitrate on large salt particles. A mass-based closure analysis of non-sea salt sulfate compared the cloud water air-equivalent mass concentration to the concentration of aerosol particles serving as cloud condensation nuclei for droplet activation. While sulfate found in cloud was generally constrained by the sub-cloud aerosol concentration, there was significant intra-cloud variability that was attributed to entrainment – causing evaporation of sulfate-containing droplets – and losses due to precipitation. In addition, precipitation tended to promote mesoscale variability in the sub-cloud aerosol through a combination of removal, convective downdrafts, and dynamically driven convergence. Physical mechanisms exerted such strong control over the cloud water compositional budget that it was not possible to isolate any signature of chemical production/loss using in-cloud observations. The cloud-free environment surrounding the non-precipitating smoke case indicated sulfate enhancement compared to convective mixing quantified by a stable gas tracer; however, this was not observed in the cloud water (either through use of ratios or the mass closure), perhaps implying that the warm convective cloud timescale was too short for chemical production to be a leading-order budgetary term and because precursors had already been predominantly exhausted. Closure of other species was truncated by incomplete characterization of coarse aerosol (e.g., it was found that only 10 %–50 % of sea salt mass found in cloud was captured during clear-air sampling) and unmeasured gas-phase abundances affecting closure of semi-volatile aerosol species (e.g., ammonium, nitrate and organic) and soluble volatile organic compound contributions to total organic carbon in cloud water.

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“…For instance, the ambient mass fraction of EC was 34.3 μg/mg of PM which was similar to that of reaerosolized one (i.e., 31.0 μg/mg of PM). This shows that VACES/aerosol-into-liquid collector tandem is able to retrieve nearly 90% of ambient EC in collected PM slurries, which is a significant advantage over Particle-Into-Liquid Sampler (PILS), capturing 20% of soot particles (i.e., EC) into pure water (Wonaschuetz et al, 2018). Similar mass fractions were also observed between metal species (i.e., water-soluble and water-insoluble) for both set of samples, which will be discussed in further detail in the following section.…”

Section: Mass Balance For Bulk Chemical Components-figurementioning

confidence: 94%

Development of a novel aerosol generation system for conducting inhalation exposures to ambient particulate matter (PM)

Taghvaee

Mousavi

Sowlat

et al. 2019

Science of The Total Environment

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In this study, we developed a novel method for generating aerosols that are representative of realworld ambient particulate matter (PM) in terms of both physical and chemical characteristics, with the ultimate objective of using them for inhalation exposure studies. The protocol included collection of ambient PM on filters using a high-volume sampler, which were then extracted with ultrapure Milli-Q water using vortexing and sonication. As an alternative approach for collection, ambient particles were directly captured into aqueous slurry samples using the versatile aerosol concentration enrichment system (VACES)/aerosol-into-liquid collector tandem technology. The aqueous samples from both collection protocols were then re-aerosolized using commercially available nebulizers. The physical characteristics (i.e., particle size distribution) of the generated aerosols were examined by the means of a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) connected to a condensation particle counter (CPC) at different compressed air pressures of the nebulizer, and dilution air flow rates. In addition, the collected PM samples (both ambient and re-aerosolized) were chemically analyzed for water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), elemental and organic carbon (EC/OC), inorganic ions, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and metals and trace elements. Using the aqueous filter extracts, we were able to effectively recover the water-soluble components of ambient PM (e.g., water-soluble organic matter, and water-soluble inorganic ions); however, this method was deficient in recovering some of the important insoluble components such as EC, PAHs, and many of the redox-active trace elements and metals. In contrast, using the VACES/aerosol-into-liquid collector tandem technology for collecting ambient PM directly into water slurry, we were able to preserve the water-soluble and water-insoluble components very effectively. These results illustrate the superiority of the VACES/aerosol-into liquid collector tandem technology to be used in conjunction with the re-aerosolization setup to create aerosols that fully represent ambient PM, making it an attractive choice for application in inhalation exposure studies.

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Collection of soot particles into aqueous suspension using a particle-into-liquid sampler

Cited by 6 publications

References 36 publications

Photo-oxidation of pinic acid in the aqueous phase: a mechanistic investigation under acidic and basic pH conditions

Photo-oxidation of pinic acid in the aqueous phase: a mechanistic investigation under acidic and basic pH conditions

Measurement report: Closure analysis of aerosol–cloud composition in tropical maritime warm convection

Development of a novel aerosol generation system for conducting inhalation exposures to ambient particulate matter (PM)

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