Collateral Flow: Prolonging the Ischemic Penumbra

Dhar, Rajat; Yu, Wengui; Yenari, Midori A.; J, Lee

doi:10.1007/s12975-023-01126-8

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Molecular mechanisms by which damage occurs in a CVA are diverse, including decreased oxygen and nutrient supply to the affected and surrounding neuronal tissue [ 3 ], increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 4 ], and augmented inflammation [ 5 ]. Consequently, there is an increase in apoptosis and neuronal death [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stroke is mainly classified into two types: hemorrhagic infarction, which accounts for approximately 20% of all cases, in which there is a rupture of blood vessels, and ischemic infarction, in which there is an occlusion of blood vessels and it accounts for 80% of cases [2]. Molecular mechanisms by which damage occurs in a CVA are diverse, including decreased oxygen and nutrient supply to the affected and surrounding neuronal tissue [3], increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) [4], and augmented inflammation [5]. Consequently, there is an increase in apoptosis and neuronal death [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential of CBD Acting on Cannabinoid Receptors CB1 and CB2 in Ischemic Stroke

Raïch,

Lillo,

Rivas-Santisteban

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Stroke is one of the leading causes of death. It not only affects adult people but also many children. It is estimated that, every year, 15 million people suffer a stroke worldwide. Among them, 5 million people die, while 5 million people are left permanently disabled. In this sense, the research to find new treatments should be accompanied with new therapies to combat neuronal death and to avoid developing cognitive impairment and dementia. Phytocannabinoids are among the compounds that have been used by mankind for the longest period of history. Their beneficial effects such as pain regulation or neuroprotection are widely known and make them possible therapeutic agents with high potential. These compounds bind cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2. Unfortunately, the psychoactive side effect has displaced them in the vast majority of areas. Thus, progress in the research and development of new compounds that show efficiency as neuroprotectors without this psychoactive effect is essential. On the one hand, these compounds could selectively bind the CB2 receptor that does not show psychoactive effects and, in glia, has opened new avenues in this field of research, shedding new light on the use of cannabinoid receptors as therapeutic targets to combat neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s disease, or stroke. On the other hand, a new possibility lies in the formation of heteromers containing cannabinoid receptors. Heteromers are new functional units that show new properties compared to the individual protomers. Thus, they represent a new possibility that may offer the beneficial effects of cannabinoids devoid of the unwanted psychoactive effect. Nowadays, the approval of a mixture of CBD (cannabidiol) and Δ9-THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) to treat the neuropathic pain and spasticity in multiple sclerosis or purified cannabidiol to combat pediatric epilepsy have opened new therapeutic possibilities in the field of cannabinoids and returned these compounds to the front line of research to treat pathologies as relevant as stroke.

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